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这篇文章主要介绍 Newton 版 Openstack 如何实现 Dashboard 开发，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！
Dashboard 简介
Openstack 的 Dashboard 项目一般被称为 Horizon, 根据官网安装部署及其简单,yum install openstack-dashboard 即可，配置也简单只要修改 /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings 以及 /etc/sysconfig/memcached，再启动 httpd 服务就可以登录了。
但是在查看它的源码就会发现，它并不是你想的那么简单。
Horizon：它是一个基于 django webframework 开发的标准的 python wsgi 程序, 一般运行在 webserver(apache httpd) 之上。Horizon 的源码中，包含两个代码文件夹
horizon ### /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/horizon
openstack_dashboard ### /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
创建一个 Dashboard1. 环境准备操作系统 Centos7.2OpenstackNewtonPython2.7.5Django1.8.14
查看 Django 版本
# python
Python 2.7.5 (default, Nov 6 2016, 00:28:07)
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)] on linux2
Type help , copyright , credits or license for more information.
import django
print django.VERSION
(1, 8, 14, final , 0)2. 创建 dashboard 应用
既然每个 dashboard 都是 django 中的一个 app，那就可以使用 django 的命令来创建一个 dashboard 目录结构
# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard
# python manage.py
Type manage.py help subcommand for help on a specific subcommand.
Available subcommands:
[auth]
changepassword
createsuperuser
[compressor]
compress
mtime_cache
[django]
check
compilemessages
createcachetable
dbshell
diffsettings
dumpdata
flush
inspectdb
loaddata
makemessages
makemigrations
migrate
runfcgi
shell
showmigrations
sql
sqlall
sqlclear
sqlcustom
sqldropindexes
sqlflush
sqlindexes
sqlmigrate
sqlsequencereset
squashmigrations
startapp
startproject
syncdb
test
testserver
validate
[horizon]
startdash
startpanel
[openstack_dashboard]
make_web_conf
migrate_settings
[sessions]
clearsessions
[staticfiles]
collectstatic
findstatic
runserver可以看到 horizon 部分有 startdash 和 startpanel 两个命令，可以直接使用：
# mkdir -p openstack_dashboard/dashboards/dlwdashboard
# python manage.py startdash dlwdashboard --target openstack_dashboard/dashboards/dlwdashboard
# mkdir -p openstack_dashboard/dashboards/dlwdashboard/dlwpanel
# python manage.py startpanel dlwpanel --dashboard=openstack_dashboard.dashboards.dlwdashboard --target=openstack_dashboard/dashboards/dlwdashboard/dlwpanel2.1、目录结构：
# cd openstack_dashboard/dashboards/
# tree dlwdashboard/
dlwdashboard/
├── dashboard.py
├── dashboard.pyc
├── dlwpanel
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── panel.py
│ ├── templates
│ │ └── dlwpanel
│ │ └── index.html
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── __init__.py
├── __init__.pyc
├── static
│ └── dlwdashboard
│ ├── js
│ │ └── dlwdashboard.js
│ └── scss
│ └── dlwdashboard.scss
└── templates
└── dlwdashboard
└── base.html
9 directories, 13 files2.2 定义一个仪表盘 dashboard
# cd dlwdashboard/
# vi dashboard.py
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an AS IS BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
import horizon
class Dlwdashboard(horizon.Dashboard):
# name = _(Dlw dashboard)
name = _(Dlw)
slug = dlwdashboard
panels = (Dlwgroup,) # Add your panels here.
default_panel = dlwpanel # Specify the slug of the dashboard s default panel.
horizon.register(Dlwdashboard)可以定义修改 dashboard 的名字
name = _(Dlw)创建面板 panel3.1、目录结构
# tree dlwpanel/
dlwpanel/
├── __init__.py
├── panel.py
├── templates
│ └── dlwpanel
│ └── index.html
├── tests.py
├── urls.py
└── views.py
2 directories, 6 files3.2、定义面板
# cd dlwpanel
# vi panel.py
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an AS IS BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
import horizon
from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.dlwdashboard import dashboard
dashboard.Dlwdashboard.register(Dlwpanel)3.3、定义表单 tables
# vi tables.py
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from horizon import tables
class MyFilterAction(tables.FilterAction):
name = myfilter
class InstancesTable(tables.DataTable):
name = tables.Column( name , \
verbose_name=_(Name))
status = tables.Column( status , \
verbose_name=_(Status))
zone = tables.Column( availability_zone , \
verbose_name=_(Availability Zone))
image_name = tables.Column( image_name , \
verbose_name=_(Image Name))
class Meta(object):
name = instances
verbose_name = _(Instances)
table_actions = (MyFilterAction,)3.4、定义标签页 tab
# vi tab.py
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from horizon import exceptions
from horizon import tabs
from openstack_dashboard import api
from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.dlwdashboard.dlwpanel import tables
slug = instances_tab
table_classes = (tables.InstancesTable,)
template_name = (horizon/common/_detail_table.html)
preload = False
def has_more_data(self, table):
return self._has_more
def get_instances_data(self):
try:
marker = self.request.GET.get( tables.InstancesTable._meta.pagination_param, None)
instances, self._has_more = api.nova.server_list(
self.request,
search_opts={marker : marker, paginate : True})
return instances
except Exception:
self._has_more = False
error_message = _(Unable to get instances)
exceptions.handle(self.request, error_message)
return []
class DlwpanelTabs(tabs.TabGroup):
slug = dlwpanel_tabs
tabs = (InstanceTab,)
sticky = True3.4、定义视图 views.py
# vi views.py
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an AS IS BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
from horizon import tabs
from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.dlwdashboard.dlwpanel \
import tabs as dlwdashboard_tabs
class IndexView(tabs.TabbedTableView):
tab_group_class = dlwdashboard_tabs.DlwpanelTabs
template_name = dlwdashboard/dlwpanel/index.html
def get_data(self, request, context, *args, **kwargs):
# Add data to the context here...
return context3.5、自动生成的 url.py
# vi url.py
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an AS IS BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
from django.conf.urls import url
from openstack_dashboard.dashboards.dlwdashboard.dlwpanel import views
urlpatterns = [ url(r ^$ , views.IndexView.as_view(), name= index ),
]3.6、定义模板 template
# cd templates/dlwpanel/
# vi index.html
{% extends base.html %}
{% load i18n %}
{% block title %}{% trans DlwPanel %}{% endblock %}
{% block page_header %}
{% include horizon/common/_page_header.html with title=_( DlwPanel) %}
{% endblock page_header %}
{% block main %}
div > 激活新增的 dashboard# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/enabled
# vi _50_dlwdashboard.py
# The name of the dashboard to be added to HORIZON[dashboards]. Required.
DASHBOARD = dlwdashboard
# If set to True, this dashboard will not be added to the settings.
DISABLED = False
# A list of applications to be added to INSTALLED_APPS.
ADD_INSTALLED_APPS = [ openstack_dashboard.dashboards.dlwdashboard ,]
重启 httpd 服务
页面查看
再定义表单 tables
添加一个 ip，在上面定义的 tables.py 里添加 ip 的代码，可以直接从原有的 openstack 代码里摘 (因为这里的 name，status，zone，image_name 就是摘的)
# cat tables.py
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from horizon import tables
from django import template
class MyFilterAction(tables.FilterAction):
name = myfilter
import six
def get_ips(instance):
template_name = project/instances/_instance_ips.html
ip_groups = {}
for ip_group, addresses in six.iteritems(instance.addresses):
ip_groups[ip_group] = {}
ip_groups[ip_group][floating] = []
ip_groups[ip_group][non_floating] = []
for address in addresses:
if ( OS-EXT-IPS:type in address and
address[OS-EXT-IPS:type] == floating ):
ip_groups[ip_group][floating].append(address)
else:
ip_groups[ip_group][non_floating].append(address)
context = {
ip_groups : ip_groups,
}
return template.loader.render_to_string(template_name, context)
class InstancesTable(tables.DataTable):
name = tables.Column( name , \
verbose_name=_(Name))
status = tables.Column( status , \
verbose_name=_(Status))
zone = tables.Column( availability_zone , \
verbose_name=_(Availability Zone))
image_name = tables.Column( image_name , \
verbose_name=_(Image Name))
ip = tables.Column(get_ips,
verbose_name=_(IP Address),
attrs={data-type : ip})
class Meta(object):
name = instances
verbose_name = _(Instances)
table_actions = (MyFilterAction,)重启 httpd 服务 页面查看
小结
创建一个新的 dashboard，下面有 group 还有面板 panel 整个的流程：
1.app
2.dashboard.py
3.panel.py
4.tables.py
5.tabs.py
6.views
7.url.py
8.template
9.enabled
10.httpdHorizon 面板的设计分成三层:Dashboard → PanelGroup → Panel
Horizon 中现有的 dashboard 有 4 个:
1. project 普通用户登陆后看到的项目面板
2. admin 管理登陆后可见, 左侧的管理员面板
3. settings 右上角的设置面板, 里面可设置语言，时区，更改密码
4. router(配置文件中将 profile_support 打开可见),ciso nexus 1000v 的管理面板 每一个 dashboard 都是 django 中的一个 app,django 中的 app 可以理解成对业务逻辑模块化的一种手段, 里面可以包含自己独有的 url 设定，模板，和业务逻辑代码
每个 dashboard 下定义了一系列的 PanelGroup, 虚拟机管理对应到界面上就是一个 PanelGroup(Manage Compute), 里面有一系列的子 panel(Overview, Instances, Volumes…)。Swift,heat,neutron 的管理面板各自都是一个 PanelGroup，底下有各自的子 panel.
在已有的 dashboard 下创建 panel
此处选择在 project 下建一个名为 dbc 的空白面板 有了上面的步骤，这里就很简单了，建一个空白的面板，只需要三步
1. 建立 panel
# /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/dashboards/project/
# mkdir bdc
# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/
# python manage.py startpanel bdc --dashboard=openstack_dashboard.dashboards.project --target=openstack_dashboard/dashboards/project/bdc2. 激活 enabled
# cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/enabled
# cp _1050_project_images_panel.py _1051_project_bdc_panel.py
# vi _1051_project_bdc_panel.py
# (c) Copyright 2016 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Company LP
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the License you may
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
# a copy of the License at
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an AS IS BASIS, WITHOUT
# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
# The slug of the panel to be added to HORIZON_CONFIG. Required.
PANEL = bdc
# The slug of the dashboard the PANEL associated with. Required.
PANEL_DASHBOARD = project
# The slug of the panel group the PANEL is associated with.
PANEL_GROUP = compute
# Python panel class of the PANEL to be added.
ADD_PANEL = openstack_dashboard.dashboards.project.bdc.panel.Bdc3. 重启 httpd
# systemctl restart httpd页面查看
国际化 1. 简介
国际化，django 的一个组成部分，支持多国语言，不同的机器打开的页面显示不同的语言，这里做个中英文对照关系的简单改造。在 /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES 目录下有个 django.mo 文件，这里就是作为中英文翻译的依据，将该文件取出来放在 G:/Python 练习目录下：
sftp cd /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES
sftp lcd G:/Python 练习
sftp get django.mo2. 反编译 django.mo
mo 文件是不可以编辑文件，需要将其反编译为.po 文件
安装一个工具软件 Poedit
使用 cmd 或者 powershell 进行反编译操作
命令行进入 Poedit 的安装目录目录
cd E:\Program Files (x86)\Poedit\GettextTools\bin
msgunfmt.exe G:\Python 练习 \django.mo -o G:\Python 练习 \django.po3. 修改 po 文件并编译
生成 django.po 文件，可以使用 Pycharm 工具打开该 po 文件，照葫芦翻译之前新建的 Bdc 面板
使用 Poedit 将 po 文件编译为 mo 文件
上传至 /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES
重启 httpd 服务
以上是“Newton 版 Openstack 如何实现 Dashboard 开发”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！希望分享的内容对大家有帮助，更多相关知识，欢迎关注丸趣 TV 行业资讯频道！
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