如何使用syslog

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这篇文章给大家分享的是有关如何使用 syslog-ng 搭建日志服务器的内容。丸趣 TV 小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，一起跟随丸趣 TV 小编过来看看吧。

环境介绍
日志服务器 IP：192.168.90.20；客户端 IP：192.168.90.10
系统：RHEL5.4
实现目标：将客户端的日志自动保存在服务器端的相应目录，并根据日期，IP 地址和日志类型进行分开保存
备注：由于在虚拟机环境下操作，服务器于客户端时间未同步，所以会存在记录日志时间不一致的现象；
[root@server2 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/tarbag/
[root@server2 tarbag]# wget http://www.balabit.com/downloads/files/eventlog/0.2/eventlog_0.2.9.tar.gz
[root@server2 tarbag]# tar -zxvf eventlog_0.2.9.tar.gz -C ../software/
[root@server2 tarbag]# cd ../software/eventlog-0.2.9/
[root@server2 eventlog-0.2.9]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/eventlog make make install
[root@server2 eventlog-0.2.9]# ls /usr/local/eventlog/
include lib
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# cd –
/usr/local/src/tarbag
[root@server2 tarbag]# wget http://www.balabit.com/downloads/files/libol/0.3/libol-0.3.9.tar.gz
[root@server2 tarbag]# tar -zxvf libol-0.3.9.tar.gz -C ../software/
[root@server2 tarbag]# cd ../software/libol-0.3.9/
[root@server2 libol-0.3.9]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libol make make install
[root@server2 libol-0.3.9]# ls /usr/local/libol/
bin include lib
[root@server2 tarbag]# wget http://www.balabit.com/downloads/files/syslog-ng/sources/3.0.5/source/syslog-ng_3.0.5.tar.gz
[root@server2 tarbag]# tar -zxvf syslog-ng_3.0.5.tar.gz -C ../software/
[root@server2 tarbag]# cd ../software/syslog-ng-3.0.5/
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/eventlog/lib/pkgconfig
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/syslog-ng –with-libol=/usr/local/libol make make install
configure: error: Cannot find eventlog version = 0.2: is pkg-config in path? (若出现这个错误，基本上是由于前面的 PKG_CONFIG_PATH 变量没指定好)
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# ls /usr/local/syslog-ng/
bin libexec sbin share
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# mkdir /usr/local/syslog-ng/etc
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# mkdir /usr/local/syslog-ng/var
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# cp contrib/syslog-ng.conf.RedHat /usr/local/syslog-ng/etc/
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# cp contrib/init.d.RedHat /etc/init.d/syslog-ng
[root@server2 syslog-ng-3.0.5]# cd /usr/local/syslog-ng/etc/
[root@server2 etc]# mv syslog-ng.conf.RedHat syslog-ng.conf
[root@server2 etc]# cat syslog-ng.conf
@version:3.0
options {
long_hostnames(off);
log_msg_size(8192);
flush_lines(1);
log_fifo_size(20480);
time_reopen(10);
use_dns(yes);
dns_cache(yes);
use_fqdn(yes);
keep_hostname(yes);
chain_hostnames(no);
perm(0644);
stats_freq(43200);
};
source s_internal {internal(); };
destination d_syslognglog {file( /var/log/syslog-ng.log};
log {source(s_internal); destination(d_syslognglog); };
source s_local {
unix-dgram(/dev/log
file(/proc/kmsg program_override( kernel:));
};
filter f_messages {level(info..emerg); }; // 定义 7 种日志类型
filter f_secure {facility(authpriv); };
filter f_mail {facility(mail); };
filter f_cron {facility(cron); };
filter f_emerg {level(emerg); };
filter f_spooler {level(crit..emerg) and facility(uucp, news); };
filter f_local7 {facility(local7); };
destination d_messages {file( /var/log/messages}; // 定义 7 种类型日志在客户端的位置
destination d_secure {file( /var/log/secure};
destination d_maillog {file( /var/log/maillog};
destination d_cron {file( /var/log/cron};
destination d_console {usertty( root};
destination d_spooler {file( /var/log/spooler};
destination d_bootlog {file( /var/log/dmesg};
log {source(s_local); filter(f_emerg); destination(d_console); };
log {source(s_local); filter(f_secure); destination(d_secure); flags(final); };
log {source(s_local); filter(f_mail); destination(d_maillog); flags(final); };
log {source(s_local); filter(f_cron); destination(d_cron); flags(final); };
log {source(s_local); filter(f_spooler); destination(d_spooler); };
log {source(s_local); filter(f_local7); destination(d_bootlog); };
log {source(s_local); filter(f_messages); destination(d_messages); };
# Remote logging // 定义监听的端口
source s_remote {
tcp(ip(0.0.0.0) port(514));
udp(ip(0.0.0.0) port(514));
};
// 定义客户端日志在服务器上保存的格式，位置和权限等
destination r_console {file( /var/log/syslog-ng/$YEAR$MONTH$DAY/$HOST/console owner( root) group(root) perm(0640) dir_perm(0750) create_dirs(yes));};
destination r_secure {file( /var/log/syslog-ng/$YEAR$MONTH$DAY/$HOST/secure owner( root) group(root) perm(0640) dir_perm(0750) create_dirs(yes));};
destination r_cron {file( /var/log/syslog-ng/$YEAR$MONTH$DAY/$HOST/cron owner( root) group(root) perm(0640) dir_perm(0750) create_dirs(yes));};
destination r_spooler {file( /var/log/syslog-ng/$YEAR$MONTH$DAY/$HOST/spooler owner( root) group(root) perm(0640) dir_perm(0750) create_dirs(yes));};
destination r_bootlog {file( /var/log/syslog-ng/$YEAR$MONTH$DAY/$HOST/bootlog owner( root) group(root) perm(0640) dir_perm(0750) create_dirs(yes));};
destination r_messages {file( /var/log/syslog-ng/$YEAR$MONTH$DAY/$HOST/messages owner( root) group(root) perm(0640) dir_perm(0750) create_dirs(yes));};
log {source(s_remote); filter(f_emerg); destination(r_console); };
log {source(s_remote); filter(f_secure); destination(r_secure); flags(final); };
log {source(s_remote); filter(f_cron); destination(r_cron); flags(final); };
log {source(s_remote); filter(f_spooler); destination(r_spooler); };
log {source(s_remote); filter(f_local7); destination(r_bootlog); };
log {source(s_remote); filter(f_messages); destination(r_messages); };
[root@server2 etc]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/syslog-ng
[root@server2 etc]# chkconfig –add syslog-ng
service syslog-ng does not support chkconfig(若出现该错误，请修改该脚本前四行如下)
[root@server2 etc]# head -4 /etc/init.d/syslog-ng
#!/bin/bash
#chkconifg: –add syslog-ng
#chkconfig: 2345 12 88
#Description: syslog-ng
该脚本还需要修改下面的三个位置
[root@server2 etc]# grep‘PATH‘/etc/init.d/syslog-ng
PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/syslog-ng/bin:/usr/local/syslog-ng/sbin
[root@server2 etc]# grep INIT /etc/init.d/syslog-ng |head -2
INIT_PROG= /usr/local/syslog-ng/sbin/syslog-ng # Full path to daemon
INIT_OPTS= -f /usr/local/syslog-ng/etc/syslog-ng.conf # options passed to daemon
[root@server2 etc]# service syslog-ng start
Starting syslog-ng: /usr/local/syslog-ng/sbin/syslog-ng: error while loading shared libraries: libevtlog.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Starting Kernel Logger: 出现此错误是因为共享库链接没做好
[root@server2 etc]# ln -s /usr/local/eventlog/lib/* /lib/
出现下面的问题是因为主配置文件中缺少：@version:3.0 这行
Starting syslog-ng: Configuration file has no version number, assuming syslog-ng 2.1 format. Please add @version: maj.min to the beginning of the file;
[root@server2 ~]# service syslog-ng start
Starting Kernel Logger: [OK]
[root@server2 etc]# cat /var/log/syslog-ng.log
Jan 28 03:59:07 server2.yang.com syslog-ng[20225]: syslog-ng starting up; version= 3.0.5
客户端配置：
[root@client ~]# tail -1 /etc/syslog.conf
*.* @192.168.90.20
[root@client ~]# logger -i just one test
[root@client ~]# tail -1 /var/log/messages
Jan 27 22:12:02 client root[2861]: just one test
[root@server2 ~]# cat /var/log/syslog-ng/20100128/192.168.90.10/messages
Jan 28 04:24:32 192.168.90.10 root[2861]: just one test
[root@server2 ~]# cat /var/log/syslog-ng/20100128/192.168.90.10/secure
Jan 28 04:01:04 192.168.90.10 sshd[2832]: Accepted publickey for root from 192.168.90.1 port 48834 ssh3
Jan 28 04:01:04 192.168.90.10 sshd[2832]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
参考网站：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4a071ed80100cssu.html

前面配置好了 syslog-ng, 下面简要的概述下如何将系统日志存入 mysql
1：将 mysql 的头文件和库文件链接到 /usr/local 下
[root@server2 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/local/lib/mysql
[root@server2 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql/ /usr/local/include
[root@server2 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/software/sqlsyslogd
2：下载 sqlsyslogd 源码包，由于是整个目录下载，所以会下载 index.html 打头的索引文件
[root@server2 software]# wget -d -r -np http://www.frasunek.com/sources/security/sqlsyslogd/
[root@server2 software]# cd www.frasunek.com/sources/security/sqlsyslogd/
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# rm -rf index.html*
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# cd contrib/
[root@server2 contrib]# rm -rf index.html*
[root@server2 contrib]# cd
[root@server2 ~]# mv /usr/local/src/software/www.frasunek.com/sources/security/sqlsyslogd/ /usr/
local/src/software/
3:make, 复制 sqlsyslogd 二进制程序到 /usr/local/sbin 目录下
[root@server2 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/software/sqlsyslogd/
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# make
cc -O6 -Wall -pipe -I/usr/local/include -DCONF=\ /usr/local/etc/sqlsyslogd.conf\ -L/usr/local/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient sqlsyslogd.c -o sqlsyslogd
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# cp sqlsyslogd /usr/local/sbin/
4：执行下 sqlsyslogd 程序，出现下面的命令选项则说明安装成功
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# sqlsyslogd
usage: sqlsyslogd [-h hostname] -u username [-p] -t table [database]
5：修改 /etc/ld.so.conf 文件，并使其生效，这个文件维护着编译的动态链接库位置
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# cat /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/local/lib/mysql
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# ldconfig
6：在数据库中创建相应的库和表
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 158
Server version: 5.1.36-log Source distribution
Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.
mysql create database syslog;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql use syslog
Database changed
mysql create table logs (Id int(10) NOT NULL auto_increment,Timestamp varchar(16),Host varchar(50),Prog varchar(50),Mesg text,PRIMARY KEY (id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql exit
Bye
7：该文件定义了连接数据库的密码
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# cat /usr/local/etc/sqlsyslogd.conf
123456
8：在 syslog-ng 主配置文件中添加下列配置
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# vi /usr/local/syslog-ng/etc/syslog-ng.conf
destination sqlsyslogd{
program(/usr/local/sbin/sqlsyslogd -u root -t logs syslog -p
};
log {
source(s_remote);
destination(sqlsyslogd);
};
9: 重启 syslog-ng 服务
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# service syslog-ng restart
Stopping Kernel Logger: [OK]
Starting Kernel Logger: [OK]
10: 客户端发消息测试
[root@server2 sqlsyslogd]# tail -1 /var/log/syslog-ng/20100226/192.168.90.1/messages
Feb 26 14:25:47 192.168.90.1 root[6058]: just for fun