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学英语的人一般都知道，秋天有 autumn 和 fall 两种说法，只不过英国人一般把秋天叫作 autumn，而美国人在指代秋天的时候常常会用另一个说法：fall（落下）。有的人以为 autumn 是传统说法，而 fall 是现代别称，其实 fall 的历史比 autumn 还要悠久。
September 23, 2019, marks the start of a new season—but what exactly you should call that season depends on where in the world you are and whom you ask.
2019 年 9 月 23 日（秋分）标志着新季节的开始，但是你应该如何称呼这个季节取决于你在世界上的哪个地方以及你问的是哪国人。
In Great Britain, the third season of the year usually has only one name: autumn.
在英国，一年的第三个季节通常都只有一个名字：autumn。
But if you hop across the Atlantic, youll find that people use both fall and autumn interchangeably when referring to this time of year, making it the only season in the English language with two widely accepted names.
但如果你横跨大西洋，你会发现人们交替使用 fall 和 autumn 来指代秋天，于是秋天便成了英语中唯一一个拥有两个广为接受的名字的季节。
那么是什么让这个季节如此特别呢？
According to Dictionary.com, fall isnt a modern nickname that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other.
根据词典网站 Dictionary.com，fall 并不是秋天的传统说法 autumn 的现代别称。这两个说法最早的记录相距时间不到几百年。
Before either word emerged in the lexicon, the season between summer and winter was known as harvest, or hærfest in Old English.
在这两个词出现之前，夏天和冬天之间的这个季节在英语中被称为 harvest，古英语是 hærfest。
The word is of Germanic stock and meant “picking,” “plucking,” or “reaping,” a nod to the act of gathering and preserving crops before winter.
该词源于日耳曼语，意思是采摘或收割，指的是在冬天之前收集和储藏粮食。
In the 1500s, English speakers began referring to the seasons separating the cold and warm months as either the fall of the leaf or spring of the leaf, or fall and spring for short.
在 16 世纪，以英语为母语的人开始用树叶的落下（简称 fall）或生长（简称 spring）来指代寒热两季之间的几个月。
Both terms were simple and evocative, but for some reason, only spring had staying power in Britain. By the end of the 1600s, autumn, from the French word autompne and the Latin autumnus, had overtaken fall as the standard British term for the third season.
两个词都是既简单又形象，但是出于某种原因，只有 spring 在英国流传了下来。到了 17 世纪末，源自法语 autompne 和拉丁语 autumnus 的 autumn 取代 fall 成为指代第三个季节的标准英国用词。
evocative[ɪvɑkətɪv]: 唤起回忆的；引起共鸣的
Around the same time England adopted autumn, the first-ever British American colonists were voyaging to North America.
大约在英格兰人采用 autumn 来指代秋天的同一时间，第一批去美国的英国殖民者开始漂洋过海到了北美。
With them they brought the words fall and autumn, and while the former fell out of fashion overseas, it solidified itself in the local vernacular by the time America won its independence.
他们将 fall 和 autumn 带到了北美大陆，尽管前者 fall 在大洋彼岸已经不再流行，但是它却在美国获得独立之前在当地方言中站稳了脚跟。
Today, using both words to describe the season before winter is still a uniquely American behavior.
如今，用两个词来指代冬天之前的这个季节仍然是美国独有的做法。
这下你弄明白 autumn 和 fall 之间的关系了吗？
编辑：陈丹妮
英文来源：Mental Floss
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