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环境准备
使用 Oracle 的精简版创建 docker 方式的 demo 环境
多行语句的正常执行
对上篇文章创建的两个字段的学生信息表，正常添加三条数据，详细如下：
# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE EOF
desc student
select * from student;
insert into student values (1001, liumiaocn
insert into student values (1002, liumiao
insert into student values (1003, michael
commit;
select * from student;
EOF
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:08:35 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
SQL Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)
SQL
no rows selected
SQL
1 row created.
SQL
1 row created.
SQL
1 row created.
SQL
Commit complete.
SQL
STUID STUNAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1001 liumiaocn
1002 liumiao
1003 michael
SQL Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
#多行语句中间出错时的缺省动作
问题：
三行 insert 语句，如果中间的一行出错，缺省的状况下第三行会不会被插入进去？
我们将第二条 insert 语句的主键故意设定重复，然后进行确认第三条数据是否会进行插入即可。
# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE EOF
desc student
delete from student;
select * from student;
insert into student values (1001, liumiaocn
insert into student values (1001, liumiao
insert into student values (1003, michael
select * from student;
commit;
EOF
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:15:16 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
SQL Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)
SQL
2 rows deleted.
SQL
no rows selected
SQL
1 row created.
SQL insert into student values (1001, liumiao)
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYSTEM.SYS_C007024) violated
SQL
1 row created.
SQL
STUID STUNAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1001 liumiaocn
1003 michael
SQL SQL Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
#结果非常清晰地表明是会继续执行的，在 oracle 中通过什么来对其进行控制呢？
WHENEVER SQLERROR
答案很简单，在 oracle 中通过 WHENEVER SQLERROR 来进行控制。
WHENEVER SQLERROR {EXIT [SUCCESS | FAILURE | WARNING | n | variable | :BindVariable] [COMMIT | ROLLBACK] | CONTINUE [COMMIT | ROLLBACK | NONE]}
WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT
添加此行设定，即会在失败的时候立即推出，接下来我们进行确认：
# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE EOF
WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT
desc student
delete from student;
select * from student;
insert into student values (1001, liumiaocn
insert into student values (1001, liumiao
insert into student values (1003, michael
select * from student;
commit;
EOF
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:27:15 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
SQL SQL Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)
SQL
2 rows deleted.
SQL
no rows selected
SQL
1 row created.
SQL insert into student values (1001, liumiao)
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYSTEM.SYS_C007024) violated
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
#WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
使用 CONTINUE 则和缺省方式下的行为一致，出错仍然继续执行
# sqlplus system/liumiao123@XE EOF
WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE
desc student
delete from student;
select * from student;
insert into student values (1001, liumiaocn
insert into student values (1001, liumiao
insert into student values (1003, michael
select * from student;
commit;
EOF
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Sun Oct 21 12:31:54 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
SQL SQL Name Null? Type
----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
STUID NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
STUNAME VARCHAR2(50)
SQL
1 row deleted.
SQL
no rows selected
SQL
1 row created.
SQL insert into student values (1001, liumiao)
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00001: unique constraint (SYSTEM.SYS_C007024) violated
SQL
1 row created.
SQL
STUID STUNAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------
1001 liumiaocn
1003 michael
SQL
Commit complete.
SQL Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
#Mysql 中类似的机制
mysql 中使用 source 是否提供相关的类似机制的问题中，最终引入了 Oracle 此项功能在 mysql 中引入的建议，详细请参看：
https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=73177
所以目前这只是一个 sqlplus 端的强化功能，并非标准，不同数据库需要确认相应的功能是否存在。
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