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下载
本例为:MySQL Community Server 8.0.12。
解压
解压至安装目录,比如 D 盘根目录下。
本例为:D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64。
创建 my.ini
my.ini 是 MySQL 安装的配置文件:
[mysqld]
# 安装目录
basedir=D:\\mysql-8.0.12-winx64
# 数据存放目录
datadir=D:\\mysqlData\\data
my.ini 放置在 MySQL 安装目录的根目录下。需要注意的是,要先创建 D:\mysqlData 目录。data 目录是由 MySQL 来创建。
初始化安装
执行:
mysqld --defaults-file=D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\my.ini --initialize --console
控制台输出如下,说明安装成功:
mysqld --defaults-file=D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\my.ini --initialize --console
2018-08-20T16:14:45.287448Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server in progress as process 5012 2018-08-20T16:14:45.289628Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010457] [Server] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting. 2018-08-20T16:14:45.299329Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting 2018-08-20T16:14:45.301316Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.12) MySQL Community Server - GPL. D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\binmysqld --defaults-file=D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\my.ini --initialize --console
2018-08-20T16:15:25.729771Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server in progress as process 18148 2018-08-20T16:15:43.569562Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: L-hk!rBuk9-. 2018-08-20T16:15:55.811470Z 0 [System] [MY-013170] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) initializing of server has completed
其中,“L-hk!rBuk9-.”就是 root 用户的初始化密码。稍后可以做更改。
启动、关闭 MySQL server
执行 mysqld 就能启动 MySQL server,或者执行 mysqld –console 可以看到完整的启动信息:
mysqld --console
2018-08-20T16:18:23.698153Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010915] [Server] NO_ZERO_DATE , NO_ZERO_IN_DATE and ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO sql modes should be used with strict mode. They will be merged with strict mode in a future release.
2018-08-20T16:18:23.698248Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe (mysqld 8.0.12) starting as process 16304
2018-08-20T16:18:27.624422Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2018-08-20T16:18:27.793310Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] D:\mysql-8.0.12-winx64\bin\mysqld.exe: ready for connections. Version: 8.0.12 socket: port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL.
关闭,可以执行 mysqladmin -u root shutdown。
使用 MySQL 客户端
使用 mysql 来登录,账号为 root,密码为“L-hk!rBuk9-.”:
mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ************
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.
执行下面的语句来改密码。其中“123456”即为新密码。
mysql ALTER USER root @ localhost IDENTIFIED BY 123456
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.13 sec)
MySQL 常用指令
显示已有的数据库:
mysql show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.08 sec)
创建新的数据库:
mysql CREATE DATABASE lite;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec)
使用数据库:
mysql USE lite;
Database changed
建表:
建表执行:
mysql CREATE TABLE t_user (user_id BIGINT NOT NULL, username VARCHAR(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.82 sec)
查看表:
查看数据库中的所有表:
mysql SHOW TABLES;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_lite |
+----------------+
| t_user |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
查看表的详情:
mysql DESCRIBE t_user;
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| user_id | bigint(20) | NO | | NULL | |
| username | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
插入数据:
mysql INSERT INTO t_user(user_id, username) VALUES(1, 老卫
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.08 sec)
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