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Oracle 中有哪些常用的 SQL 语句,很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面丸趣 TV 小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。
查找数据库中所有字段 以对应的表
select C.column_name,C.TABLE_NAME from dba_tab_columns C where owner=
查每个科目 class 分数 scro 前三名
select id, name, class, scro
from (select row_number() over(partition by class order by scro desc) cnt,
id,
name,
class,
scro
from student) a
where a.cnt
查找排序后的前三行
select *
from (select rw.*, rownum
from (select *
from student d
where d.class = b
order by d.scro desc) rw
where rw.id = 1
order by rw.class desc) n
where rownum = 3
表复制
insert into table_a (id,name,age) select b.id,b.name,b.age from table_b;
– 删除表数据的触发器
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE delete_data
IS
BEGIN
delete from test ;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND
THEN
NULL;
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
RAISE;
END delete_data;
– 定时删除 每隔 5 分钟执行一次的计划
DECLARE
X NUMBER;
BEGIN
SYS.DBMS_JOB.SUBMIT
(job = X
,what = delete_data;
,next_date = to_date(25/08/2008 00:00:00 , dd/mm/yyyy hh34:mi:ss)
,interval = sysdate+1/24/12
,no_parse = FALSE
);
SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(Job Number is: || to_char(x));
COMMIT;
END;
– 查看当前 oracle 计划
select job,next_date,next_sec,failures,broken from user_jobs;
– 删除一个 job
begin
dbms_job.remove(46);–46 为 job 号
end;
– 给新表插入旧表对应字段的所有数据
insert into aaa(id,name) select b.id,b.name from bbb;
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select * from all_users; ## 查看所有用户
select name from v$database; ## 查看当前数据库
database test; ## 进入 test 数据库
select * from v$instance; ## 查看所有的数据库实例
shutdown immediate ## 关闭数据库
alter user sys identified by new_password; ## 更改用户密码
select username,password from dba_users; ## 查看当实例中的用户和密码
show parameter control_files; ## 查看控制文件;
select member from v$logfile; ## 查看日志文件
show parameter ; ## 查看数据库参数
select * from user_role_privs; ## 查看当前用户的角色
select username,default_tablespace from user_users; ## 查看当前用户的缺省表空间
alter user system identified by
此处含有隐藏内容,需要正确输入密码后可见!
## 修改用户的密码
ALTER USER SCOTT ACCOUNT UNLOCK ## 解锁 SCOTT 用户
show parameter processes; ## 查看最大会话数
查看当前库的所有数据表:
SQL select TABLE_NAME from all_tables;
select * from all_tables;
SQL select table_name from all_tables where table_name like‘u’;
TABLE_NAME———————————————default_auditing_options
查看表结构:desc all_tables;
创建用户并赋予权限
###—————————- 创建用户并赋予权限 ————————————####-
create user mpss
identified by mpss12
default tablespace TS_MPSS_DATA
temporary tablespace TEMP;
给用户赋予权限
grant connect to mpss;
grant resource,create session to mpss; 开发角色
grant create procedure to dbuser;#这些权限足够用于开发及生产环境
给用户授权
grant dba to spms;– 授予 DBA 权限
grant unlimited tablespace to lxg;– 授予不限制的表空间
grant select any table to lxg;– 授予查询任何表
grant select any dictionary to lxg;– 授予 查询 任何字典
删除用户
drop user mpss cascade;
建表空间
###——————————— 建表空间 ————————————####-
================ 建立表空间 ============================
CREATE TABLESPACE TS_MPSS_DATA
LOGGING
DATAFILE /mpss/data/ts_mpss_data.dbf SIZE 1024M
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
=====================================================
================= 建立临时表空间 ============================
CREATE
TEMPORARY TABLESPACE SWVIP TEMPFILE /app/oracle/oradata/
sworacle/SWVIP.dbf SIZE 5M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM
SIZE 1M
=====================================================
create tablespace TS_MPSS_DATA datafile /mpss/data/ts_mpss_data.bdf size 1024m autoextend on ; ###autoextend on 自动扩展
###————————————————————————————####-
查看表空间
###—————————- 查看表空间大小 ————————————####-
SELECT D.TABLESPACE_NAME Name ,
TO_CHAR(((((A.BYTES – DECODE(F.BYTES, NULL, 0, F.BYTES)) / 1024 / 1024)) /(A.BYTES / 1024 / 1024))*100, 99,990.9 ) used(%) ,
TO_CHAR((DECODE(F.BYTES, NULL, 0, F.BYTES) / 1024 / 1024), 999,990.9 ) Free (M)
FROM SYS.DBA_TABLESPACES D, SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A, SYS.SM$TS_FREE F
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = A.TABLESPACE_NAME
AND F.TABLESPACE_NAME (+) = D.TABLESPACE_NAME;
###————————————————————————————–####-
SELECT D.TABLESPACE_NAME,SPACE SUM_SPACE(M) ,BLOCKS SUM_BLOCKS,SPACE-NVL(FREE_SPACE,0) USED_SPACE(M) ,
ROUND((1-NVL(FREE_SPACE,0)/SPACE)*100,2) USED_RATE(%) ,FREE_SPACE FREE_SPACE(M)
FROM
(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/(1024*1024),2) SPACE,SUM(BLOCKS) BLOCKS
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) D,
(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/(1024*1024),2) FREE_SPACE
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME(+)
UNION ALL –if have tempfile
SELECT D.TABLESPACE_NAME,SPACE SUM_SPACE(M) ,BLOCKS SUM_BLOCKS,
USED_SPACE USED_SPACE(M) ,ROUND(NVL(USED_SPACE,0)/SPACE*100,2) USED_RATE(%) ,
NVL(FREE_SPACE,0) FREE_SPACE(M)
FROM
(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/(1024*1024),2) SPACE,SUM(BLOCKS) BLOCKS
FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) D,
(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES_USED)/(1024*1024),2) USED_SPACE,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES_FREE)/(1024*1024),2) FREE_SPACE
FROM V$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME(+) ;
查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小;
###——————– 表空间物理文件的名称及大小 ————————####-
select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
from dba_data_files
order by tablespace_name;
###————————————————————————————####-
查看数据文件放置的路径
###————————————————————————————####-
SQL col file_name format a50
SQL select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name from dba_data_files order by file_id;
###————————————————————————————####-
查看数据库库对象
select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;
用系统管理员,查看当前数据库有几个用户连接:
SQL select username,sid,serial# from v$session;
扩表空间
###————————————————————————————####-
alter tablespace G000 add datafile /dev/vgbilling/rg000_lv03 SIZE 7500m;
给表 G000 增加一个 7500m 的逻辑卷 /dev/vgbilling/rg000_lv03
###————————————————————————————####-
检查被长时间锁的对象
###————————————————————————————####-
SQL select a.session_id,a.process,a.locked_mode,b.object_name,b.object_type,b.status from v$locked_object a,dba_objects b where a.object_id=b.object_id;
###————————————————————————————####-
文章出处:http://www.diybl.com/course/7_databases/oracle/Oracleshl/200899/141376.html
sys 用户登陆
创建表空间:
SQL create tablespace lmsstemp datafile F:\ORADATA\LMSS\LMSSTEMP01.DBF SIZE 1
024M extent management local;
给表空间增加数据文件
alter tablespace lmsstemp add datafile F:\ORADATA\LMSS\LMSSTEMP02.DBF SIZE 1
024M;
更改表空间为自动扩展
SQL alter database datafile F:\ORADATA\LMSS\LMSSTEMP01.DBF autoextend on;
查看表空间信息
SQL select file_name,tablespace_name,autoextensible from dba_data_files;
授权:
create any table to leon
— Create the user(用 sys 执行)
create user xx identified by xx123 default tablespace lmss temporary tablespace TEMP profile DEFAULT;
— Grant/Revoke role privileges(用 sys 执行)
grant connect to xx;
– 创建视图给 hy 用户(用 leon 用户)
create or replace view view_tableName as
select column。。。from table;
— Grant/Revoke object privileges
grant select, update on RES_XIM_CARD to hy;
– 创建同义词
create synonym RES_XIM_CARD for YY.RES_XIM_CARD ;
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