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本文介绍了 oracle 中查看执行计划常用的方法。
1、EXPLAIN PLAN 命令
2、AUTOTRACE 开关
3、DBMS_XPLAN
4、10046 事件
1、EXPLAIN PLAN 命令
SQL var a number;
SQL var b number;
SQL exec :a :=0;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL exec :b :=70000;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL explain plan for select count(*) from t where object_id between :a and :b;
Explained.
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
——————————————————————————–
Plan hash value: 2213771543
—————————————————————————-
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
—————————————————————————-
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 5 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 5 | | |
|* 2 | FILTER | | | | | |
|* 3 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| T_IDX | 180 | 900 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
—————————————————————————-
。。。。省略部分
SQL set autot traceonly
SQL select count(*) from t where object_id between :a and :b;
Execution Plan
———————————————————-
Plan hash value: 2213771543
—————————————————————————-
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
—————————————————————————-
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | 5 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 5 | | |
|* 2 | FILTER | | | | | |
|* 3 | INDEX RANGE SCAN| T_IDX | 180 | 900 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
。。。省略部分
SQL select count(*) from t where object_id between :a and :b;
COUNT(*)
———-
136544
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null, advanced
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
——————————————————————————–
SQL_ID 9cgwqzzvtw8wc, child number 0
————————————-
select count(*) from t where object_id between :a and :b
Plan hash value: 853742775
——————————————————————————–
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
——————————————————————————–
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 45 (100)| |
| 1 | SORT AGGREGATE | | 1 | 5 | | |
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
——————————————————————————–
|* 2 | FILTER | | | | | |
|* 3 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN| T_IDX | 50561 | 246K| 45 (0)| 00:00:01 |
。。。省略部分
==》真实的执行计划应该是 INDEX FAST FULL SCAN
3、DBMS_XPLAN
DBMS_XPLANB 包的常用子程序为:
DISPLAY:配合 explain plan for 使用
DISPLAY_CURSOR:适用于 sqlplus 刚刚执行过的 sql 执行计划,或在存储在 shared pool 中的执行计划。
DISPLAY_AWR:sql 的执行计划从 shared pool 中 aga out 后,如果执行计划被采集到 awr 报告中,那么就可以使用该方法查看执行计划。
示例:
SQL select status from t where owner=user;
VALID
VALID
VALID
。。。省略部分
31206 rows selected.
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null, advanced
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
—————————————————————————————–
SQL_ID 7m7b6un3xtss3, child number 0
————————————-
select status from t where owner=user
Plan hash value: 47527108
——————————————————————————————
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
——————————————————————————————
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 13 (100)| |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 2255 | 27060 | 13 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | DESC_T_INX | 70 | | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 |
——————————————————————————————
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
————————————————————-
1 – SEL$1 / T@SEL$1
2 – SEL$1 / T@SEL$1
Outline Data
————-
/*+
BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE(11.2.0.1)
DB_VERSION(11.2.0.1)
ALL_ROWS
OUTLINE_LEAF(@ SEL$1)
INDEX_RS_ASC(@ SEL$1 T @ SEL$1 DESC_T_INX)
END_OUTLINE_DATA
*/
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
—————————————————
2 – access(T . SYS_NC00016$ =SYS_OP_DESCEND(USER@!))
filter(SYS_OP_UNDESCEND( T . SYS_NC00016$)=USER@!)
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
———————————————————–
1 – STATUS [VARCHAR2,7]
2 – T .ROWID[ROWID,10], T . SYS_NC00016$ [RAW,46]
46 rows selected.
== 1. 相比 AUTOTRACE 开关来说看不到相关的统计信息,而且要等到语句执行完成。但获得的执行计划是真实的
2. 这里 format 参数为 advanced, 相比较于参数 all, 多了 Outline Data 这部分的信息输出
3. 这里的 Rows 列值为估计值,要想看到真实值可以将 format 参数设置为 ALLSTATS LAST
format 参数设置为 ALLSTATS LAST 示例:
SQL alter session set statistics_level =all;
Session altered.
SQL select status from t where owner=user;
VALID
VALID
VALID
。。。。。省略部分
31206 rows selected.
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null, allstats last
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
————————————————————————————————————–
SQL_ID 7m7b6un3xtss3, child number 1
————————————-
select status from t where owner=user
Plan hash value: 47527108
————————————————————————————————————-
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers | Reads |
————————————————————————————————————-
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 31206 |00:00:00.05 | 5555 | 829 |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 1 | 2255 | 31206 |00:00:00.05 | 5555 | 829 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | DESC_T_INX | 1 | 70 | 31206 |00:00:00.02 | 2190 | 114 |
————————————————————————————————————-
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
—————————————————
2 – access(T . SYS_NC00016$ =SYS_OP_DESCEND(USER@!))
filter(SYS_OP_UNDESCEND( T . SYS_NC00016$)=USER@!)
==》和 advanced 参数相比,少了部分输出,但是能够看到每一步获取的实际记录数。
输入 sqlid 来查看执行计划示例:
SQL select sql_text,sql_id,version_count,executions from v$sqlarea where sql_text like select status from t where owner=user
SQL_TEXT SQL_ID VERSION_COUNT EXECUTIONS
—————————————- ————- ————- ———-
select status from t where owner=user 7m7b6un3xtss3 2 3
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor( 7m7b6un3xtss3 ,0, advanced
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
——————————————————————————–
SQL_ID 7m7b6un3xtss3, child number 0
————————————-
select status from t where owner=user
Plan hash value: 47527108
——————————————————————————————
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
——————————————————————————————
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 13 (100)| |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 2255 | 27060 | 13 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | DESC_T_INX | 70 | | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 |
——————————————————————————————
Query Block Name / Object Alias (identified by operation id):
————————————————————-
1 – SEL$1 / T@SEL$1
2 – SEL$1 / T@SEL$1
Outline Data
————-
/*+
BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA
IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS
OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE(11.2.0.1)
DB_VERSION(11.2.0.1)
ALL_ROWS
OUTLINE_LEAF(@ SEL$1)
INDEX_RS_ASC(@ SEL$1 T @ SEL$1 DESC_T_INX)
END_OUTLINE_DATA
*/
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
—————————————————
2 – access(T . SYS_NC00016$ =SYS_OP_DESCEND(USER@!))
filter(SYS_OP_UNDESCEND( T . SYS_NC00016$)=USER@!)
Column Projection Information (identified by operation id):
———————————————————–
1 – STATUS [VARCHAR2,7]
2 – T .ROWID[ROWID,10], T . SYS_NC00016$ [RAW,46]
display_awr 示例:
SQL select sql_text,sql_id,version_count,executions from v$sqlarea where sql_text like select status from t where owner=user
no rows selected
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor( 7m7b6un3xtss3 ,0, advanced
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
————————————————————————-
SQL_ID: 7m7b6un3xtss3, child number: 0 cannot be found
SQL select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_awr( 7m7b6un3xtss3
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
————————————————————————-
SQL_ID 7m7b6un3xtss3
——————–
select status from t where owner=user
Plan hash value: 47527108
————————————————————————–
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
————————————————————————–
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 13 (100)| |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T | 2255 | 27060 | 13 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | DESC_T_INX | 70 | | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 |
== 1、相同的执行计划也可以通过 @?/rdbms/admin/awrsqrpt 命令获取。
4、10046 方式
SQL alter session set tracefile_identifier=plan_10046;
Session altered.
SQL alter session set events 10046 trace name context forever,level 12
Session altered.
SQL select status from t where owner=user;
VALID
VALID
VALID
。。。省略部分
31206 rows selected.
SQL
SQL alter session set events 10046 trace name context off
Session altered.
== 可以根据 diagnostic_dest 参数找到 plan_10046 的文件。
使用 tkprof 进行输出:
[ora11@ora12c ~]$ tkprof /ora11_10/ora11/diag/rdbms/ora11/ora11/trace/ora11_ora_26758_PLAN_10046.trc PLAN_10046.trc
TKPROF: Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Development on Tue Aug 15 21:14:49 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
SQL ID: 57fcnar0x2buq
Plan Hash: 47527108
select status
from
t where owner=user
call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
——- —— ——– ———- ———- ———- ———- ———-
Parse 1 0.00 0.00 11 57 0 0
Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
Fetch 2082 0.13 0.13 1007 5555 0 31206
——- —— ——– ———- ———- ———- ———- ———-
total 2084 0.14 0.13 1018 5612 0 31206
Misses in library cache during parse: 1
Optimizer mode: ALL_ROWS
Parsing user id: SYS
Rows Row Source Operation
——- —————————————————
31206 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID T (cr=5555 pr=1007 pw=0 time=76792 us cost=13 size=27060 card=2255)
31206 INDEX RANGE SCAN DESC_T_INX (cr=2190 pr=114 pw=0 time=29158 us cost=10 size=0 card=70)(object id 99885)
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