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本篇内容介绍了“怎么用源码安装 PostgreSQL”的有关知识，在实际案例的操作过程中，不少人都会遇到这样的困境，接下来就让丸趣 TV 小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧！希望大家仔细阅读，能够学有所成！
数据库版本:
PostgreSQL 9.6.3
系统版本：
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
下载软件（Download software）：
[root@Darren2 tools]# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v9.6.3/postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz
查看是否已经安装 (Check is not instatll)：
[root@Darren2 tools]# ps -ef |grep pgsql
root 28590 18695 0 20:24 pts/0 00:00:00 grep pgsql
[postgres@sht-sgmhadoopdn-02 ~]$ rpm -qa |grep postgres
postgresql-libs-8.4.18-1.el6_4.x86_64
解压（Extract software）：
[root@Darren2 tools]# tar xf postgresql-9.6.3.tar.gz
编译和安装 (Complie)：
[root@Darren2 tools]# cd postgresql-9.6.3
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
编译所有能编译的东西，包括文档（HTML 和手册页）以及附加模块（contrib）：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# make world make install-world
……
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/vacuumlo
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib
PostgreSQL, contrib, and documentation installation complete.
创建用组和用户 (Create group and user)
[root@Darren2 ~]# groupadd -g 101 dba
[root@Darren2 ~]# cat /etc/group|grep dba
dba:x:101:
[root@Darren2 ~]# useradd -u 516 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/pgsql postgres
[root@Darren2 ~]# id postgres
uid=516(postgres) gid=101(dba) groups=101(dba),0(root)
-u UID
-g 初始用户组
- G 次要用户组
-m 创建用户家目录（系统用户默认不创建家目录）
-M 不创建用户家目录（普通用户默认创建家目录）
-s shell 默认是 /bin/bash
- d 指定家目录
[root@Darren2 home]# groups postgres
postgres : dba root
配置 postgres 密码
[root@Darren2 home]# passwd postgres
[root@Darren2 skel]# ls -al /etc/skel/
total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 20 2016 .
drwxr-xr-x. 84 root root 4096 Jul 11 22:27 ..
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 18 Jul 18 2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 176 Jul 18 2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r–r–. 1 root root 124 Jul 18 2013 .bashrc
[root@Darren2 skel]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/pgsql/
创建数据目录（Create data folder）
[root@Darren2 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/pgsql/data
配置.bash_profile(Configure .bash_profile)
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# cat /usr/local/pgsql/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [-f ~/.bashrc]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PGHOME=/usr/local/pgsql
export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/pgsql/bin
set umask to 022
umask 022
PS1=`uname -n` : $USER : $PWD : export PS1
修改文件权限和所有者（Chmod and chown）
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 755 /usr/local/pgsql
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chown -R postgres:dba /usr/local/pgsql
[root@Darren2 pgsql]# chmod -R 700 /usr/local/pgsql/data
配置 postgresql 服务启动和设置自启动 (Configure postgresql service and boot auto start) – 这步可不做
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# cp /home/tools/postgresql-9.6.3/contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/init.d/postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig –list |grep postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig –add postgresql
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# chkconfig –list |grep postgresql
postgresql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
初始化数据和启动 (Initialize database and start database)
[root@Darren2 start-scripts]# su – postgres
[postgres@Darren2 start-scripts]$ cd
[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ pwd
/usr/local/pgsql
[postgres@Darren2 ~]$ . .bash_profile
# 初始化生成数据文件
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data
# 启动数据库
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: pg_ctl start
server starting
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: LOG: database system was shut down at 2017-07-12 00:49:17 CST
LOG: MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled
LOG: database system is ready to accept connections
LOG: autovacuum launcher started
创建用户和数据库 (Create user and database)
psql
psql (9.6.3)
Type help for help.
postgres=# create user admin password admin login;
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# create database testdb with owner=admin;
CREATE DATABASE
Darren2:postgres:/usr/local/pgsql: pg_ctl status
pg_ctl: server is running (PID: 51498)
/usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres
安装过程中常见报错
编译时候报错：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pgsql –without-zlib
……
configure: error: readline library not found – 提示找不到 readline
If you have readline already installed, see config.log for details on the
failure. It is possible the compiler isn t looking in the proper directory.
Use –without-readline to disable readline support.
查看系统已经安装 readline：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# rpm -qa |grep readline
compat-readline5-5.2-17.1.el6.x86_64
readline-6.0-4.el6.x86_64
通过 yum search 可以发现没有安装 readline-devel:
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum search readline
……
readline-devel.i686 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library
readline-devel.x86_64 : Files needed to develop programs which use the readline library
……
通过 yum 安装之后，在编译即可通过：
[root@Darren2 postgresql-9.6.3]# yum install -y readline-devel
“怎么用源码安装 PostgreSQL”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注丸趣 TV 网站，丸趣 TV 小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！
