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Oracle 表空间误删除导致 startup 启动时提示 ORA-01110 和 ORA-01157 错误怎么办
这篇文章主要讲解了“Oracle 表空间误删除导致 startup 启动时提示 ORA-01110 和 ORA-01157 错误怎么办”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着丸趣 TV 小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“Oracle 表空间误删除导致 startup 启动时提示 ORA-01110 和 ORA-01157 错误怎么办”吧！
今天遇到一个比较神奇的问题，客户某套测试数据库断电重启了，重启时发现数据库提示 ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 和 ORA-01110 的错误，经过检查发现是系统启动后未挂载存储，表空间都放在存储盘上，手工挂载存储后所有问题迎刃而解。当时没有记录问题，这里通过测试环境模拟重现问题。
制造实验数据
[oracle@XLJ181 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Dec 10 19:27:14 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@cams create tablespace test datafile /home/oracle/test.dbf size 100M;
Tablespace created.
SYS@cams create user test identified by 123456 default tablespace test;
User created.
SYS@cams grant connect,resource to test;
Grant succeeded.
TEST@cams create table test(id number primary key,name varchar2(20));
Table created.
TEST@cams insert into test values(1, bob
1 row created.
TEST@cams insert into test values(2, joe
1 row created.
TEST@cams select count(*) from test;
COUNT(*)
----------
2
TEST@cams conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SYS@cams shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SYS@cams exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options模拟文件误删除
[oracle@XLJ181 ~]$ mv /home/oracle/test.dbf /home/oracle/test.dbf.bak故障出现
启动数据库，发现数据文件不存在：
[oracle@XLJ181 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Dec 10 19:38:26 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS@cams startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 5344731136 bytes
Fixed Size 2262656 bytes
Variable Size 1040189824 bytes
Database Buffers 4294967296 bytes
Redo Buffers 7311360 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 63 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf查看 trace 文件：
Mon Dec 10 19:38:35 2018
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/cams/cams/trace/cams_dbw0_21153.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 63 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/cams/cams/trace/cams_ora_21175.trc:
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 63 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf
ORA-1157 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...查看 cams_ora_21175.trc 文件，报错信息如下：
DDE: Problem Key ORA 1110 was flood controlled (0x1) (no incident)
ORA-01110: data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 63 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf查看 cams_dbw0_21153.trc 文件，报错信息如下：
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 63 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3问题已经很明显了，就是找不到 data file 63: /home/oracle/test.dbf。
针对该问题，我们应该怎么去处理呢？特别是测试环境，一般为了节约资源，不会开启归档，更不会有 RMAN 备份，那怎么让数据库跑起来，让数据损失降到最低呢？
常用解决方案：offline drop+recreate
SQL shutdown immediate;
SQL startup mount;
SQL alter database datafile /home/oracle/test.dbf offline drop;
SQL alter database open;
SQL drop tablespace test including contents; -- 注意：执行之前检查是否还有其他文件属于该表空间
SQL create tablespace test datafile /home/oracle/test.dbf size 100M;因为是测试环境，想办法重建数据或者利用最近的逻辑备份或其他测试导入数据，这样能把数据损失降到最低。
如果删除的是核心系统的表空间，那么还不如重建表空间之后把相关数据清理之后重新导入一份。
感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“Oracle 表空间误删除导致 startup 启动时提示 ORA-01110 和 ORA-01157 错误怎么办”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对 Oracle 表空间误删除导致 startup 启动时提示 ORA-01110 和 ORA-01157 错误怎么办这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是丸趣 TV，丸趣 TV 小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
