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这篇文章主要介绍了 oracle 12 DBCA 如何创建 pdb，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让丸趣 TV 小编带着大家一起了解一下。
12c 新推出的 pdb 是一种全新的数据库管理模式，有别于传统的数据库。今天的实验室是使用 dbca 图形界面创建一个 pdb，再用 dbca 的静默方式创建一个 pdb。
pdb 是可插拔数据库，当然也就离不开 cdb。c 就是 container, 容器。
环境变量如下
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=CDB
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
在这里如果有报错 Error in Process:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/perl/bin/perl
可参见我的另一篇博客 http://blog.itpub.net/29047826/viewspace-1434056/
[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Feb 8 16:11:18 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
查看 pdb 状态，已经是 open（read write）
SQL
SQL show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
———- —————————— ———- ———-
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
图形安装后包含了根库 CDB$ROOT，con_id 为 1，包含种子库 PDB$SEED，con_id 为 2，还包含本次创建的可插拔库 pdb1，con_id 为 3
SQL select con_id,name from v$containers;
CON_ID NAME
———- ——————————
1 CDB$ROOT
2 PDB$SEED
3 PDB1
查看 cdb_data_files 数据字典可以看到 cdb 的数据文件和 pdb 的数据文件
SQL col file_name for a60
SQL set line 120
SQL select con_id,file_name from cdb_data_files order by 1;
CON_ID FILE_NAME
———- ————————————————————
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/system01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/users01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/sysaux01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/system01.dbf
如果切换到 pdb，就只能看到属于自己的数据文件
SQL alter session set container=pdb1;
SQL col name for a60
SQL select con_id,name from v$datafile;
CON_ID NAME
———- ————————————————————
0 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/system01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/pdb1_users01.dbf
由于我的虚拟机空间较小，先用 dbca 删除刚才创建的 cdb 和 pdb 再执行下面的脚本。注意 dbca 删除数据库后并不清理磁盘上的物理文件，需要手动删除比如 rm -rf $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/CDB，这个命令只是一个事例请勿模仿。
下面这条 dbca – silent … 语句是一条完整的语句，不换行。里面的关键字是 createAsContainerDatabase true, 如果没有该关键字创建出来的就是一个普通的数据库，而不是我们此次需要的 CDB。
该命令执行后，输出 Copying database files ..1% complete
[oracle@snow ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname CDB -sid CDB -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet AL32UTF8 -memoryPercentage 30 -emConfiguration LOCAL -createAsContainerDatabase true -sysPassword oracle -systemPassword oracle
Copying database files
1% complete
3% complete
37% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
40% complete
45% complete
46% complete
47% complete
52% complete
57% complete
58% complete
59% complete
62% complete
Completing Database Creation
66% complete
70% complete
74% complete
85% complete
96% complete
100% complete
Look at the log file /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/CDB/CDB.log for further details.
到此为止 CDB 创建完成，通过下面的 sql 语句查看其内容。
[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Feb 8 16:51:36 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
———- —————————— ———- ———-
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
SQL
SQL select con_id,name from v$containers;
CON_ID NAME
———- ——————————
1 CDB$ROOT
2 PDB$SEED
SQL col file_name for a60
SQL select con_id,file_name from cdb_data_files order by 1;
CON_ID FILE_NAME
———- ————————————————————
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/system01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/users01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/sysaux01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
下面通过种子容器创建 pdb
[oracle@snow ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Feb 8 16:59:03 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL create pluggable database pdb1 admin user pdb1adm identified by oracle file_name_convert=(/u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed , /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1
Pluggable database created.
此时 pdb 的状态是 mounted
SQL show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
———- —————————— ———- ———-
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 MOUNTED
下面的额查询语句只有跟库的信息，无法显示 pdb 的信息
SQL select con_id,file_name from cdb_data_files order by 1;
CON_ID FILE_NAME
———- ————————————————–
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/system01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/sysaux01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/users01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
通过下面的命令将所有的 pdb 库 open
SQL alter pluggable database all open;
Pluggable database altered.
此时 pdb 的状态有 mount 变成了 read write
SQL show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
———- —————————— ———- ———-
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
再次执行下面的查询就可以看到 pdb 的数据文件了
SQL select con_id,file_name from cdb_data_files order by 1;
CON_ID FILE_NAME
———- ————————————————–
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/system01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/users01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/undotbs01.dbf
1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/sysaux01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/system01.dbf
2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdbseed/sysaux01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/system01.dbf
3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/CDB/pdb1/sysaux01.dbf
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