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这篇文章主要讲解了“怎么理解 Oracle 数据库的单向复制”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着丸趣 TV 小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“怎么理解 Oracle 数据库的单向复制”吧！
1.
环境需求：
两台装有 Oracle 软件的虚拟机服务器，并配置好监听及安装好数据库
Linux
Oracle
OGG
IP
SID
OGG1
CentOS 6.5
11.2.0.4
12.2.0.2
192.168.1.211
ogg
OGG2
CentOS 6.5
11.2.0.4
12.2.0.2
192.168.1.212
ogg
2.
配置准备
2.1
创建操作系统用户
useradd ogg -g oinstall
新建安装目录
[root@ogg1 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/ogg
[root@ogg1 ~]# chown -R ogg.oinstall /u01/ogg
[root@ogg1 ~]# chmod 775 /u01/ogg/
2.2
设置用户的环境变量，尤其要给它指定 lib 库的位置以及 ggsci 位置：
export PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export GG_HOME=/u01/ogg
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export PATH=$GG_HOME:$PATH
2.3 正式安装
[root@ogg1 soft]# unzip 122022_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip
[ogg@ogg1 ~]$ cd /u01/soft/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome/Disk1/
[ogg@ogg1 Disk1]$ ./runInstaller
安装步骤略，将安装目录设置为 /u01/ogg
3.
复制准备：实现单表复制
检查相关参数是否开启
Select LOG_MODE , FORCE_LOGGING, SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_min from v$database;
3.1
开启参数（需开启归档模式和强制归档）
SQL show parameter golde
NAME TYPE VALUE
———————————— ———– ——————————
enable_goldengate_replication boolean FALSE
SQL alter system set enable_goldengate_replication=true;
SQL select SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_min from v$database;
SUPPLEME
——–
NO
SQL alter database add supplemental log data;
Database altered.
SQL select SUPPLEMENTAL_LOG_DATA_min from v$database;
SUPPLEME
——–
YES
SQL alter system archive log current;
SQL shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 830930944 bytes
Fixed Size 2257800 bytes
Variable Size 536874104 bytes
Database Buffers 289406976 bytes
Redo Buffers 2392064 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL alter database force logging;
Database altered.
SQL alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL alter database open;
Database altered.
System altered.
源端和目标端分别设置
源端：create user ogg_source identified by oracle default tablespace users;
grant alter session to ogg_source;
grant create session to ogg_source;
grant connect to ogg_source;
grant resource to ogg_source;
grant select any dictionary to ogg_source;
grant select any table to ogg_source;
grant flashback any table to ogg_source;
grant alter any table to ogg_source;
目标：create user ogg_target identified by oracle default tablespace users;
grant alter session to ogg_target;
grant create session to ogg_target;
grant connect to ogg_target;
grant resource to ogg_target;
grant select any dictionary to ogg_target;
grant select any table to ogg_target;
grant flashback any table to ogg_target;
grant alter any table to ogg_target;
grant insert any table to ogg_target;
grant update any table to ogg_target;
grant delete any table to ogg_target;
3.2
Ogg 配置
问题解决：无法登陆，是 oracle_sid 设置问题
GGSCI (ogg1) 5 dblogin userid ogg_source ,password oracle
ERROR: Unable to connect to database using user ogg_source. Please check privileges.
Unable to initialize database connection because of error ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified.
GGSCI (ogg1) 6 exit
[ogg@ogg1 ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=ogg
[ogg@ogg1 ~]$ /u01/ogg/ggsci
Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 12.2.0.2.2 OGGCORE_12.2.0.2.0_PLATFORMS_170630.0419_FBO
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Jun 30 2017 14:42:26
Operating system character set identified as UTF-8.
Copyright (C) 1995, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
GGSCI (ogg1) 1 dblogin userid ogg_source ,password oracle
Successfully logged into database.
1.
配置需要抽取的表或者用户
Add trandata luc.*
2.
配置全局参数
./GLOBALS
必须大写
事务配置及检查点表
3.
配置 MGR 进程
Edit params mgr
port 7809
4.
配置 Extract 脚本
配置参数，使用本地的方式。
Edit params EXT_1
EXTRACT EXT_1
USERID ogg_source, PASSWORD oracle
EXTTRAIL /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss
TABLE N1.*;
添加抽取进程，从数据库日志中抓取数据。
ADD EXTRACT EXT_1, TRANLOG, BEGIN NOW
EXTRACT added.
配置本地队列, 然后启动
ADD EXTTRAIL /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss, EXTRACT EXT_1
start EXT_1
Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT EXT_1 starting
配置完成之后，就可以查看是否能够正常抽取了，可以看到是没有正常启动。状态现在还是 STOPPED
info EXT_1
EXTRACT EXT_1 Initialized 2016-11-11 16:16 Status STOPPED
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:01:22 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Redo Logs
2016-11-11 16:16:04 Seqno 0, RBA 0
5.
配置 Pump 脚本
edit params dpump_1
EXTRACT dpump_1
PASSTHRU
RMTHOST 10.127.2.32, MGRPORT 1530
RMTTRAIL /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss
TABLE n1.*;
ADD EXTRACT dpump_1,EXTTRAILSOURCE /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss
EXTRACT added.
ADD RMTTRAIL /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss, EXTRACT dpump_1
RMTTRAIL added.
配置完成之后，启动 PUMP 进程。
start dpump_1
Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT DPUMP_1 starting 查看 DUMP 进程的信息如下：
info dpump_1
EXTRACT DPUMP_1 Last Started 2016-11-11 16:24 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:04 ago)
Process ID 53479
Log Read Checkpoint File /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss000000000
First Record RBA 0
6.
配置 Application 脚本
配置投递队列参数，将数据应用到目标库，这里有个映射关系，就是源库的 n1.* 和目标库的 n1.* 是对应的。
edit params rep_1
REPLICAT REP_1
USERID ogg_target, PASSWORD oracle
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
HANDLECOLLISIONS
MAP n1.*,TARGET n1.*;
添加投递队列
ADD REPLICAT REP_1, EXTTRAIL /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss,CHECKPOINTTABLE ogg_target.CHKPTAB
REPLICAT added.
start REP_1
Sending START request to MANAGER …
REPLICAT REP_1 starting
启动成功后的状态是这样的。
INFO REP_1
REPLICAT REP_1 Last Started 2016-11-11 17:02 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:02 ago)
Process ID 69571
Log Read Checkpoint File /home/oracle/ogg/ogg_work/dirdat/ss000000000
First Record RBA 0
报错执行：
BEGIN
DBMS_STREAMS_AUTH.GRANT_ADMIN_PRIVILEGE(
grantee = ogg_target ,
grant_privileges = true);
END;
/
循环插入 1 -100
begin
for i in 1 .. 100 loop
insert into luc.test values (i,’uuu’);
end loop;
end;
/
插入大量数据测试是否同步：
insert into luc.test select level,level||’obj’from dual connect by level 500000;
感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“怎么理解 Oracle 数据库的单向复制”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对怎么理解 Oracle 数据库的单向复制这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是丸趣 TV，丸趣 TV 小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
