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这篇文章主要介绍了 Oracle 12cR1 RAC 在 VMware Workstation 上如何实现静默安装，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让丸趣 TV 小编带着大家一起了解一下。
1.1 静默安装 1.1.1 静默安装 grid
安装之前使用脚本进行校验，确保所有的 failed 选项都可以忽略。
./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n raclhr-12cR1-N1,raclhr-12cR1-N2 -fixup -verbose
1.1.1.1 新建 /etc/oraInst.loc 文件
在 2 个节点上新建 /etc/oraInst.loc，文件中的内容如下：
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
输入下面的命令在 oraInst.loc 文件上设置合适的拥有者，组和权限：
chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc
chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc
1.1.1.2 检查项
1、/u01/app/oraInventory 必须为空
ls -l /u01/app/oraInventory/*
rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory/*
否则报错：
[FATAL] [INS-32035] Unable to create a new central inventory directory : /u01/app/oraInventory.
CAUSE: The central inventory location provided is not empty.
ACTION: Please provide another location for the inventory, or clean up the current location.
2、INS-32040
[FATAL] [INS-32040] The central inventory location provided is not empty on remote nodes [raclhr-12cr1-n1].
ACTION: Please provide another location for the inventory, or clean up the current location.
解决办法：
新建 /etc/oraInst.loc，文件中的内容如下：
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall
输入下面的命令在 oraInst.loc 文件上设置合适的拥有者，组和权限：
chown oracle:oinstall /etc/oraInst.loc
chmod 664 /etc/oraInst.loc
1.1.1.3 开始安装
静默脚本：
./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -IgnoreSysPreReqs -ignorePrereq -showProgress \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en \
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid \
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/12.1.0/grid \
oracle.install.asm.OSDBA=asmdba \
oracle.install.asm.OSOPER=asmoper \
oracle.install.asm.OSASM=asmadmin \
oracle.install.crs.config.storageOption=ASM_STORAGE \
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.votingDiskRedundancy=EXTERNAL \
oracle.install.crs.config.sharedFileSystemStorage.ocrRedundancy=EXTERNAL \
oracle.install.crs.config.useIPMI=false \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.name=OCR \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.redundancy=EXTERNAL \
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanPort=1521 \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.configureGNS=false \
oracle.install.crs.config.autoConfigureClusterNodeVIP=false \
oracle.install.option=CRS_CONFIG \
oracle.install.crs.config.ClusterType=STANDARD \
oracle.install.asm.SYSASMPassword=lhr \
oracle.install.asm.monitorPassword=lhr \
oracle.install.config.managementOption=NONE \
oracle.install.crs.config.ignoreDownNodes=false \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.diskDiscoveryString=/dev/asm-disk* \
oracle.install.asm.diskGroup.disks=/dev/asm-diskc \
oracle.install.crs.config.gpnp.scanName=raclhr-12cR1-scan \
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterName=raclhr-cluster \
oracle.install.crs.config.clusterNodes=raclhr-12cr1-n1:raclhr-12cr1-n1-vip,raclhr-12cr1-n2:raclhr-12cr1-n2-vip \
oracle.install.crs.config.networkInterfaceList=eth0:192.168.59.0:1,eth2:192.168.2.0:2 \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=raclhr-12cR1-N1
命令行模式执行静默安装，注意复制脚本的时候最后不能多加回车符号，当前窗口不要执行其他内容。“\”后不能有空格。开始执行有点慢，需要修改的地方我已经用×××背景标注了。若有其他错误可以采用 -debug 模式获取更多信息。
二、 configToolAllCommands 脚本
关于该部分可参考：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2129161/。该脚本执行完毕会创建一个 sid 为 -MGMTDB，gdbName 为_mgmtdb 的单实例容器数据库（从日志可以找到相关命令：/u01/app/12.1.0/grid/bin/dbca -silent -createDatabase -createAsContainerDatabase true -templateName MGMTSeed_Database.dbc -sid -MGMTDB -gdbName _mgmtdb -storageType ASM -diskGroupName OCR -datafileJarLocation /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/assistants/dbca/templates -characterset AL32UTF8 -autoGeneratePasswords -skipUserTemplateCheck -oui_internal）该数据库属于 grid 用户。
/u01/app/12.1.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=/home/grid/cfgrsp.properties
根据官方文档内容，安装 GRID 可以配置如下的信息：
oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMPASSWORD=password
oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMMONITORPASSWORD=password
oracle.crs|S_BMCPASSWORD=password
以 grid 用户在节点 1 上执行（准确来说应该在执行静默安装的节点上执行，且节点 2 上不需要执行）：
[grid@raclhr-12cR1-N1 ~]$ more /home/grid/cfgrsp.properties
oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMPASSWORD=lhr
oracle.assistants.asm|S_ASMMONITORPASSWORD=lhr
oracle.crs|S_BMCPASSWORD=lhr
[grid@raclhr-12cR1-N1 ~]$ /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=/home/grid/cfgrsp.properties
[grid@raclhr-12cR1-N1 admin]$ /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE=/home/grid/cfgrsp.properties
Setting the invPtrLoc to /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/oraInst.loc
perform – mode is starting for action: configure
perform – mode finished for action: configure
You can see the log file: /u01/app/12.1.0/grid/cfgtoollogs/oui/configActions2017-01-17_05-29-38-PM.log
[grid@raclhr-12cR1-N1 admin]$
[grid@raclhr-12cR1-N1 admin]$
1.1.2 静默安装 database
首先通过如下的命令进行检查环境配置：
/soft/grid/runcluvfy.sh stage -pre dbinst -n raclhr-12cR1-N1,raclhr-12cR1-N2 -verbose -fixup
1.1.2.1 静默安装 DB 软件
./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -IgnoreSysPreReqs -ignorePrereq -showProgress \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false \
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=asmoper \
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false \
oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=0 \
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=true \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=DEFAULT \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES \
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1 \
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=raclhr-12cr1-n1,raclhr-12cr1-n2 \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=raclhr-12cR1-N1
命令行模式执行静默安装，注意复制脚本的时候最后不能多加回车符号，当前窗口不要执行其他内容。“\”后不能有空格。开始执行有点慢，需要修改的地方我已经用×××背景标注了。若有其他错误可以采用 -debug 模式获取更多信息。
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 ~]$ cd /soft/database/
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$ ll
total 72
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Jan 16 17:04 install
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 34132 Jul 11 2014 readme.html
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 7 2014 response
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 7 2014 rpm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8533 Jul 7 2014 runInstaller
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 7 2014 sshsetup
drwxr-xr-x 14 root root 4096 Jul 7 2014 stage
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 500 Feb 7 2013 welcome.html
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -IgnoreSysPreReqs -ignorePrereq -showProgress \
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en \
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false \
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false \
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=asmoper \
oracle.install.db.isRACOneInstall=false \
oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba \
oracle.install.db.rac.serverpoolCardinality=0 \
oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=true \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.managementOption=DEFAULT \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableRecovery=false \
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE \
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES \
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1 \
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=raclhr-12cr1-n1,raclhr-12cr1-n2 \
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=raclhr-12cR1-N1
Starting Oracle Universal Installer…
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 2287 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 1785 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2017-01-17_09-38-20PM. Please wait …[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$
[oracle@raclhr-12cR1-N1 database]$ You can find the log of this install session at:
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2017-01-17_09-38-20PM.log
Prepare in progress.
………………………………………….. 8% Done.
Prepare successful.
Copy files in progress.
………………………………………….. 13% Done.
………………………………………….. 18% Done.
………………………………………….. 23% Done.
………………………………………….. 28% Done.
………………………………………….. 33% Done.
………………………………………….. 38% Done.
………………………………………….. 43% Done.
……….
Copy files successful.
Link binaries in progress.
……….
Link binaries successful.
………………………………………….. 53% Done.
Setup files in progress.
Setup files successful.
………………………………………….. 59% Done.
Setup Inventory in progress.
Setup Inventory successful.
………………………………………….. 65% Done.
Finish Setup successful.
Perform remote operations in progress.
Perform remote operations successful.
………………………………………….. 72% Done.
Saving Cluster Inventory in progress.
……….
Saving Cluster Inventory successful.
The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.
Please check /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2017-01-17_09-38-20PM.log for more details.
Setup Oracle Base in progress.
Setup Oracle Base successful.
………………………………………….. 86% Done.
Update Inventory in progress.
Update Inventory successful.
………………………………………….. 95% Done.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Execute /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh on the following nodes:
[raclhr-12cr1-n1, raclhr-12cr1-n2]
………………………………………….. 100% Done.
Successfully Setup Software.
As install user, execute the following script to complete the configuration.
1. /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/cfgtoollogs/configToolAllCommands RESPONSE_FILE= response_file
Note:
1. This script must be run on the same host from where installer was run.
2. This script needs a small password properties file for configuration assistants that require passwords (refer to install guide documentation).
节点 1 和节点 2 依次执行 root.sh：
[root@raclhr-12cR1-N1 ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/install/root_raclhr-12cR1-N1_2017-01-17_22-18-12.log for the output of root script
[root@raclhr-12cR1-N1 ~]#
1.2 建立磁盘组
创建 DATA 和 FRA 磁盘组：
CREATE DISKGROUP DATA external redundancy DISK /dev/asm-diskd ATTRIBUTE compatible.rdbms = 12.1 , compatible.asm = 12.1
CREATE DISKGROUP FRA external redundancy DISK /dev/asm-diske ATTRIBUTE compatible.rdbms = 12.1 , compatible.asm = 12.1
[grid@raclhr-12cR1-N1 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysasm
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Tue Jan 17 22:41:42 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 – 64bit Production
With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management options
SQL CREATE DISKGROUP DATA external redundancy DISK /dev/asm-diskd ATTRIBUTE compatible.rdbms = 12.1 , compatible.asm = 12.1
Diskgroup created.
SQL CREATE DISKGROUP FRA external redundancy DISK /dev/asm-diske ATTRIBUTE compatible.rdbms = 12.1 , compatible.asm = 12.1
Diskgroup created.
SQL
1.3 dbca 静默方式建库
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -responseFile NO_VALUE \
-gdbname lhrrac -sid lhrrac \
-createAsContainerDatabase false \
-sysPassword lhr -systemPassword lhr -serviceUserPassword lhr \
-datafileDestination DATA/ -recoveryAreaDestination FRA/ \
-storageType ASM -asmsnmpPassword oracle -diskGroupName DATA \
-characterset ZHS16GBK -nationalCharacterSet AL16UTF16 \
-sampleSchema true \
-memoryPercentage 30 \
-databaseType OLTP \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-nodeinfo raclhr-12cR1-N1,raclhr-12cR1-N2
1.4 其它配置 1.4.1 sqlplus 提示符设置
编辑 $ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql
set linesize 9999 pagesize 9999
set sqlprompt _USER @ _CONNECT_IDENTIFIER
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