MySQL 5.5 复制搭建的示例分析

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–Master 192.168.78.139
–Slave 192.168.78.137

– 在 Slave 安装好 MySQL 软件，安装流程可以参考源码安装文章
http://blog.itpub.net/26506993/viewspace-2072859/

–Master 关闭数据库，并拷贝数据文件到 Slave
[root@localhost backup]# /software/bin/mysqladmin -usystem -p Mysql#2015 shutdown
[root@localhost backup]# 160426 19:50:32 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

[1]+ Done /software/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf (wd: /data)
(wd now: /backup)
[root@localhost backup]# ps -ef|grep 3306
root 20319 55613 0 19:50 pts/2 00:00:00 grep 3306

[root@localhost /]# zip -r /install/mysql_data_20160427.zip /data/

[root@localhost install]# scp /install/mysql_data_20160427.zip root@192.168.78.137:/install/
The authenticity of host 192.168.78.137 (192.168.78.137) can t be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 4a:41:41:4b:4b:83:ea:cc:4b:56:bb:20:0a:8c:88:ce.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 192.168.78.137 (RSA) to the list of known hosts.

root@192.168.78.137 s password:
mysql_data_20160427.zip 100% 5053KB 4.9MB/s 00:01

–Slave，将传输过来的数据文件解压到 Slave 所要使用的数据文件目录
[root@localhost install]# mkdir /mysql_data
[root@localhost install]# unzip -d /mysql_data/ /install/mysql_data_20160427.zip
[root@localhost install]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql_data/

– 编辑 Master 的配置文件
[root@localhost install]# vim /etc/my.cnf
# Log
server-id = 100
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin

– 启动 Master 的 Mysql 数据库
[root@localhost backup]# /software/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
[1] 20592
[root@localhost backup]# 160426 20:32:49 mysqld_safe Logging to /log/err.log .
160426 20:32:49 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data

– 在 Master 数据库上面创建复制专用账户
mysql grant replication slave on *.* to repl @ 192.168.78.% identified by Mysql#2015
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

– 查看 Master 当前的日志名称和位置，用于下面在 Slave 的 change master to 命令
mysql flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

– 配置 Slave 的配置文件
[root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
# Log
server-id = 200
log-bin = /log/binlog/mysql-bin
relay-log = /log/binlog/mysqld-relay-bin
relay-log-index = /log/binlog/product-mysql-relay-index
datadir = /mysql_data/data

– 启动 Slave 的数据库服务
[root@localhost mysql]# /data/bin/mysqld_safe –defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
[1] 22611
[root@localhost mysql]# 160426 22:53:18 mysqld_safe Logging to /log/err.log .
160426 22:53:18 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /mysql_data/data

– 在 Slave 配置 Slave 到 Master 的连接
通过 CHANGE MASTER TO 语句来设置 Slave 连接到 Master 服务器的参数，来使 Slave 读取 Master 的二进制日志和 Slave 的 relay 日志。

mysql change master to
– master_host= 192.168.78.139 ,
– master_port=3306,
– master_user= repl ,
– master_password= Mysql#2015 ,
– master_log_file= mysql-bin.000008 ,
– master_log_pos=256;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

参数含义：

master_host 指定连接的 Master 主机
master_port 指定连接的 Master 的端口
master_user 指定连接的 Master 的复制专用账户
master_password 指定连接的 Master 的复制专用账户的密码
master_log_file Master 当前的日志名称
master_log_pos Master 当前的日志位置

–Master 释放全局只读锁
mysql unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

– 查看 Slave 的状态
mysql show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.78.139
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 256
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 256
Relay_Log_Space: 107
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

– 启用 Slave 的应用日志服务
START SLAVE 语句会启动两个线程。I/ O 线程会从 Master 服务器读取事件并将它们存放到 relay log 中。SQL 线程会从 relay log 中读取事件并执行它们。执行 START SLAVE 需要 SUPER 权限。

mysql start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

–Slave 日志中的内容
[root@localhost data]# tailf /log/err.log
160427 5:57:08 [Note] CHANGE MASTER TO executed . Previous state master_host= , master_port= 3306 , master_log_file= , master_log_pos= 4 . New state master_host= 192.168.78.139 ,
master_port= 3306 , master_log_file= mysql-bin.000010 , master_log_pos= 107 .
160427 5:57:23 [Note] Slave SQL thread initialized, starting replication in log mysql-bin.000010 at position 107, relay log /log/binlog/mysqld-relay-bin.000001 position: 4
160427 5:57:25 [Note] Slave I/O thread: connected to master repl@192.168.78.139:3306 ,replication started in log mysql-bin.000010 at position 107

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