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今天主要介绍下 Oracle 索引的常见执行计划:
INDEX FULL SCAN:索引的全扫描,单块读,有序
INDEX RANGE SCAN:索引的范围扫描
INDEX FAST FULL SCAN:索引的快速全扫描,多块读,无序
INDEX FULL SCAN(MIN/MAX):针对 MAX(),MIN() 函数的查询
INDEX SKIP SCAN:查询条件没有用到组合索引的第一列,而组合索引的第一列重复度较高时,可能用到。
这里用简单的测试案例,体会下索引使用这些执行计划的场景。
1. 准备测试环境
创建测试表和索引:
drop table test_objects; create table test_objects as select * from all_objects; create index idx_test_objects_1 on test_objects(owner, object_name, subobject_name); create index idx_test_objects_2 on test_objects(object_id); desc test_objects;
查看测试表上的索引信息:
select index_name, column_name, column_position from user_ind_columns where table_name = TEST_OBJECTS
分析表并清空测试环境的 shared_pool 和 buffer_cache:
analyze table test_objects compute statistics; alter system flush shared_pool; alter system flush buffer_cache;
2. 准备 SQL 语句
根据不同执行计划的场景,编写 SQL 语句:
--INDEX RANGE SCAN(索引的范围扫描) SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects WHERE owner = SYS AND object_name = DBMS_OUTPUT --INDEX SKIP SCAN(针对 MAX(),MIN() 函数的查询) SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects WHERE object_name = DBMS_OUTPUT
--INDEX FAST FULL SCAN(索引的快速全扫描,多块读,无序) SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects;
--INDEX FULL SCAN(索引的全扫描,单块读,有序) SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects order by 1, 2;
--INDEX FULL SCAN (MIN/MAX)(针对 MAX(),MIN() 函数的查询) SELECT max(object_id) FROM test_objects;
3. 实验论证
结果如下:
(1) INDEX RANGE SCAN
set autotrace traceonly SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects WHERE owner = SYS AND object_name = DBMS_OUTPUT
(2) INDEX SKIP SCAN
SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects WHERE object_name = DBMS_OUTPUT
(3) INDEX FAST FULL SCAN
SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects;
(4) INDEX FULL SCAN
SELECT owner, object_name FROM test_objects order by 1, 2;
(5) INDEX FULL SCAN (MIN/MAX)
SELECT max(object_id) FROM test_objects;
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