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本篇内容主要讲解“怎么从 AIX 将数据库迁移到 Linux Oracle 中”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让丸趣 TV 小编来带大家学习“怎么从 AIX 将数据库迁移到 Linux Oracle 中”吧!
从 AIX 将数据库迁移到 Linux Oracle 为 11.2.0.4
下面操作可以用来创建一个名叫 xtt 的增量转换实例，增量转换 home 为 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/dbs:
[oracle@jyrac1 dbs]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db/
[oracle@jyrac1 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=xtt
[oracle@jyrac1 dbs]$ cat EOF $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init$ORACLE_SID.ora
db_name=xtt
compatible=11.2.0.4.0
EOF
[oracle@jyrac1 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Fri Aug 18 10:15:02 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 296493056 bytes
Fixed Size 2252584 bytes
Variable Size 239075544 bytes
Database Buffers 50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers 4833280 bytes源数据库目录对象引用源数据库中当前存放数据文件的目录。例如，下面创建目录对象指向，数据文件存放目录 /oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/，连接到源数据库房执行以下命令:
Connected to Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0
Connected as ldjc@129_2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/system01.dbf
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/sysaux01.dbf
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/undotbs01.dbf
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/users01.dbf
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/example01.dbf
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/cdzj01
/oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs/ldjc01
7 rows selected
SQL create directory sourcedir as /oracle11/oradata/jycs/jycs
Directory created
SQL select platform_id from v$database;
PLATFORM_ID
-----------
6目标数据库目录对象引用目标数据库中将要存储数据文件的目录。这个目录是最终目标数据库将要存放数据文件的目录 +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/，连接到目标数据库执行以下命令
Connected to Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0
Connected as sys@jyrac AS SYSDBA
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/system.259.930413057
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/sysaux.258.930413055
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/undotbs1.262.930413057
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/users.263.930413057
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/example.260.930413057
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/undotbs2.261.930413057
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/test01.dbf
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/sales_test_01.dbf
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/emp_test_01.dbf
+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/orders_test_01.dbf
10 rows selected
SQL create directory destdir as +DATADG/jyrac/datafile
Directory created在目标数据库中创建一个 dblink 连接到源数据库。例如创建一个名叫 ttslink 的 dblink，执行以下命令:
SQL create public database link ttslink
2 connect to system identified by xxzx7817600
3 using (DESCRIPTION =
4 (ADDRESS_LIST =
5 (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =10.138.129.2)(PORT = 1521))
6 )
7 (CONNECT_DATA =
8 (SERVER = DEDICATED)
9 (SERVICE_NAME =jycs)
10 )
11 )
Database link created.创建 dblink 后验证是否可以能过 dblink 访问源数据库
SQL select * from dual@ttslink;
X在源系统与目标系统中创建预备目录，它们将被设置为 xtt.properties 文件中的 backupformat(源系统中存放增量备份文件的目录),backupondest(目标系统中存放转换后的增量备份文件的目录）参数的值。如果使用 RMAN 备份方法，在源系统与目标系统中还需要为 xtt.properties 文件中的 dfcopydir(源系统中存放数据文件副本的目录, 只有使用 rman 备份才使用),stageondest(目标系统中存放从源系统传输过来的数据文件副本与增量备份的目录，只有使用 rman 备份才使用)。
在源系统中执行下面的命令分别创建 backupformat 目录(/oracle11/backup),dfcopydir 目录(/oracle11/dfcopydir)
IBMP740-2:/oracle11$mkdir backup
IBMP740-2:/oracle11$mkdir dfcopydir在目标系统中执行下面的命令分别创建 backupondest 目录(+DATADG/backup),stagenodest 目录(/u01/xtts)
ASMCMD [+datadg] mkdir backup如果 ASM 被用于存储 xtt.properties 文件中的参数 backupondest，那么实例的 compatible 参数的值必须等于或大于 ASM 磁盘组所使用的 rdbms.compatible 的值。
[grid@jyrac1 ~]$ asmcmd lsattr -G DATADG -l
Name Value
access_control.enabled false
access_control.umask 026
au_size 1048576
cell.smart_scan_capable FALSE
compatible.asm 11.2.0.0.0
compatible.rdbms 11.2.0.0.0
disk_repair_time 4.5 H
sector_size 512
[root@jyrac1 u01]# mkdir xtts
[root@jyrac1 u01]# chown -R oracle:oinstall xtts
[root@jyrac1 u01]# chmod 777 xtts
在源系统中安装 xttconver 脚本
在源系统中，使用 Oracle 软件用户，下裁与解压脚本
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$unzip rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
Archive: rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
inflating: xtt.properties
inflating: xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
inflating: xttdbopen.sql
inflating: xttdriver.pl
inflating: xttprep.tmpl
extracting: xttstartupnomount.sql
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$ls -lrt
total 416
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 1390 May 24 16:57 xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 52 May 24 16:57 xttstartupnomount.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 11710 May 24 16:57 xttprep.tmpl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 139331 May 24 16:57 xttdriver.pl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 71 May 24 16:57 xttdbopen.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 7969 Jun 05 08:47 xtt.properties
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 33949 Aug 18 09:26 rman_xttconvert_v3.zip在源系统中配置 xtt.properties 文件
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$vi xtt.properties
tablespaces=CDZJ,LDJC
platformid=6
srcdir=SOURCEDIR
dstdir=DESTDIR
srclink=ttslink
#dfcopydir=/oracle11/dfcopydir
backupformat=/oracle11/backup
stageondest=/u01/xtts
backupondest=+DATADG/backup
#storageondest=+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/
cnvinst_home=/oracle11/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
cnvinst_sid=xtt
asm_home=/u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs
asm_sid=+ASM1将源系统中的转换脚本与 xtt.properties 文件复制到目标系统中
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ ftp 10.138.129.2
Connected to 10.138.129.2.
220 IBMP740-2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Mon Nov 28 14:12:02 CST 2011) ready.
502 authentication type cannot be set to GSSAPI
502 authentication type cannot be set to KERBEROS_V4
KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type
Name (10.138.129.2:oracle): oracle
331 Password required for oracle.
Password:
230-Last unsuccessful login: Wed Dec 3 10:20:09 BEIST 2014 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.31
230-Last login: Mon Aug 14 08:39:17 BEIST 2017 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.242
230 User oracle logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp cd /oracle11/xtts_script
250 CWD command successful.
ftp ls -lrt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,50)
150 Opening data connection for /bin/ls.
total 424
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 1390 May 24 16:57 xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 52 May 24 16:57 xttstartupnomount.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 11710 May 24 16:57 xttprep.tmpl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 139331 May 24 16:57 xttdriver.pl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 71 May 24 16:57 xttdbopen.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 7969 Jun 05 08:47 xtt.properties.jy
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 33949 Aug 18 09:26 rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 352 Aug 18 10:15 xtt.properties
226 Transfer complete.
ftp lcd /u01/xtts_script
Local directory now /u01/xtts_script
ftp bin
200 Type set to I.
ftp get xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
local: xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql remote: xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,63)
150 Opening data connection for xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql (1390 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
1390 bytes received in 4.8e-05 seconds (2.8e+04 Kbytes/s)
ftp get xttstartupnomount.sql
local: xttstartupnomount.sql remote: xttstartupnomount.sql
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,66)
150 Opening data connection for xttstartupnomount.sql (52 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
52 bytes received in 3.7e-05 seconds (1.4e+03 Kbytes/s)
ftp get xttprep.tmpl
local: xttprep.tmpl remote: xttprep.tmpl
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,69)
150 Opening data connection for xttprep.tmpl (11710 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
11710 bytes received in 0.00065 seconds (1.7e+04 Kbytes/s)
ftp get xttdriver.pl
local: xttdriver.pl remote: xttdriver.pl
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,72)
150 Opening data connection for xttdriver.pl (139331 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
139331 bytes received in 0.0026 seconds (5.3e+04 Kbytes/s)
ftp get xttdbopen.sql
local: xttdbopen.sql remote: xttdbopen.sql
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,77)
150 Opening data connection for xttdbopen.sql (71 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
71 bytes received in 3.9e-05 seconds (1.8e+03 Kbytes/s)
ftp get xtt.properties
local: xtt.properties remote: xtt.properties
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,37,84)
150 Opening data connection for xtt.properties (352 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
352 bytes received in 4.2e-05 seconds (8.2e+03 Kbytes/s)
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ ls -lrt
total 172
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1390 Aug 18 10:38 xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 52 Aug 18 10:38 xttstartupnomount.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 11710 Aug 18 10:38 xttprep.tmpl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 139331 Aug 18 10:38 xttdriver.pl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 71 Aug 18 10:38 xttdbopen.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 352 Aug 18 10:38 xtt.properties在源系统与目标系统中设置环境变 TMPDIR, 它指向转换脚本所在的目录。为了执行 Perl 脚本 xttdriver.pl 设置如下。如果 TMPDIR 没有设置，那么脚本生成的输出文件将会存放在 /tmp 目录中。
IBMP740-2:/oracle11$export TMPDIR=/oracle11/xtts_script
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ export TMPDIR=/u01/xtts_script
2. 准备阶段
在准备阶段，被传输表空间的数据文件会被传输到目标系统并且通过执行 xttdriver.pl 脚本进行转换。有以下两种方法可以使用:
1. dbms_file_transfer 方法
2. RMAN 备份方法
对于大量数据文件使用 dbms_file_transfer 方法要比传输数据文件到目标系统更快。
2a. 使用 dbms_file_transfer 方法
2a.1 在源系统中执行准备操作
在源系统中，使用 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置相关环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，执行以下命令:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$export ORACLE_HOME=/oracle11/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$export ORACLE_SID=jycs
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -S
============================================================
trace file is /oracle11/xtts_script/setupgetfile_Aug18_Fri_10_21_17_169//Aug18_Fri_10_21_17_169_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Starting prepare phase
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
CDZJ /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for CDZJ started at Fri Aug 18 10:21:17 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
LDJC /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for LDJC started at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:21:18 2017
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done with prepare phase
--------------------------------------------------------------------
准备操作将在源系统中执行以下操作
. 验证表空间是否 online，read write 且不包含脱机数据文件
. 将创建后面所要使用的以下文件:
xttnewdatafiles.txt
getfile.sql
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat xttnewdatafiles.txt
::CDZJ
6,DESTDIR:/cdzj01
::LDJC
7,DESTDIR:/ldjc01
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat getfile.sql
0,SOURCEDIR,cdzj01,DESTDIR,cdzj01
1,SOURCEDIR,ldjc01,DESTDIR,ldjc01要被传输的一组表空间必须是 online，read write 状态且不包含脱机数据文件。如果在源数据库中被传输表空间的一个或多个数据文件是脱机状态或 read only 就会触发错误。如果表空间在整个表空间传输过程中都保持 read only 状态，那么就使用传统的跨平台传输表空间，不要使用跨平台增量备份传输表空间。
2a.2 传输数据文件到目标系统中
在目标系统中，使用 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置相关环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向目标数据库，并复制上一步生成的 xttnewdatafiles.txt 与 getfile.sql 文件到目标系统并执行操作来获取数据文件
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ ftp 10.138.129.2
Connected to 10.138.129.2.
220 IBMP740-2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Mon Nov 28 14:12:02 CST 2011) ready.
502 authentication type cannot be set to GSSAPI
502 authentication type cannot be set to KERBEROS_V4
KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type
Name (10.138.129.2:oracle): oracle
331 Password required for oracle.
Password:
230-Last unsuccessful login: Wed Dec 3 10:20:09 BEIST 2014 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.31
230-Last login: Fri Aug 18 10:16:01 BEIST 2017 on ftp from ::ffff:10.138.130.151
230 User oracle logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp cd /oracle11/xtts_script
250 CWD command successful.
ftp ls -lrt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,38,79)
150 Opening data connection for /bin/ls.
total 456
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 1390 May 24 16:57 xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 52 May 24 16:57 xttstartupnomount.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 11710 May 24 16:57 xttprep.tmpl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 139331 May 24 16:57 xttdriver.pl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 71 May 24 16:57 xttdbopen.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 7969 Jun 05 08:47 xtt.properties.jy
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 33949 Aug 18 09:26 rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 352 Aug 18 10:15 xtt.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:21 xttplan.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 106 Aug 18 10:21 xttnewdatafiles.txt_temp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:21 xttnewdatafiles.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle11 oinstall 256 Aug 18 10:21 setupgetfile_Aug18_Fri_10_21_17_169
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 68 Aug 18 10:21 getfile.sql
226 Transfer complete.
ftp lcd /u01/xtts_script
Local directory now /u01/xtts_script
ftp bin
200 Type set to I.
ftp get xttnewdatafiles.txt
local: xttnewdatafiles.txt remote: xttnewdatafiles.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,38,112)
150 Opening data connection for xttnewdatafiles.txt (50 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
50 bytes received in 6.2e-05 seconds (7.9e+02 Kbytes/s)
ftp get getfile.sql
local: getfile.sql remote: getfile.sql
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,38,115)
150 Opening data connection for getfile.sql (68 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
68 bytes received in 4.9e-05 seconds (1.4e+03 Kbytes/s)
# MUST set environment to destination database
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ export ORACLE_SID=jyrac1
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -G
============================================================
trace file is /u01/xtts_script/getfile_Aug18_Fri_11_03_48_564//Aug18_Fri_11_03_48_564_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Getting datafiles from source
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Executing getfile for /u01/xtts_script/getfile_Aug18_Fri_11_03_48_564//getfile_sourcedir_cdzj01_0.sql
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Executing getfile for /u01/xtts_script/getfile_Aug18_Fri_11_03_48_564//getfile_sourcedir_ldjc01_1.sql
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Completed getting datafiles from source
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ASMCMD [+datadg/jyrac/datafile] ls -lt
Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name
N ldjc01 = +DATADG/JYRAC/DATAFILE/FILE_TRANSFER.271.952340629
N cdzj01 = +DATADG/JYRAC/DATAFILE/FILE_TRANSFER.272.952340629
DATAFILE MIRROR COARSE AUG 18 11:00:00 Y FILE_TRANSFER.272.952340629
DATAFILE MIRROR COARSE AUG 18 11:00:00 Y FILE_TRANSFER.271.952340629当这步操作完成后，要被传输的数据文件会存放在目标系统最终存放数据文件的目录中。转换操作会自动执行。下面就要执行前滚阶段的操作了。
3. 前滚阶段
下面在源数据库中创建增量数据
SQL insert into ldjc.jy_test values(7);
1 row inserted
SQL insert into cdzj.jy_test values(7);
1 row inserted
SQL commit;
Commit complete
SQL select * from ldjc.jy_test;
USER_ID
---------------------
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 rows selected
SQL select * from cdzj.jy_test;
USER_ID
---------------------
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 rows selected在这个阶段，会在源系统中对源数据库创建增量备份，然后将生成的增量备份传输到目标系统中，并将增量备份转换为目标系统所使用的字节序，然后将转换后的增量备份应用到转换后的数据文件进行前滚操作。这个阶段的操作可以执行多次，每一次成功的增量备份应该比之前的增量备份花费更少的时间，并且让目标系统中的数据文件的内容更加接近源数据库的内容。在这个阶段源数据库中被传输的数据完全可以被访问。
3.1 在源系统中对被传输的表空间 LDJC,CDZJ 创建增量备份
在源系统中，以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，并执行以下命令来创建增量备份:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -i
============================================================
trace file is /oracle11/xtts_script/incremental_Aug18_Fri_10_56_44_606//Aug18_Fri_10_56_44_606_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Backup incremental
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
CDZJ /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for CDZJ started at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
LDJC /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for LDJC started at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 10:56:44 2017
============================================================
No new datafiles added
=============================================================
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: CDZJ
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: LDJC
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Starting incremental backup
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done backing up incrementals
--------------------------------------------------------------------
上面的操作会执行 RMAN 命令对 xtt.properties 文件中所指定的所有表空间生成增量备份文件。并且还将创建以下文件供后面的操作使用:
.tsbkupmap.txt
.incrbackups.txt
tsbkupmap.txt 的内容如下:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat tsbkupmap.txt
LDJC::7:::1=07sc73ng_1_1
CDZJ::6:::1=06sc73nf_1_1文件中的内容记录了表空间与增量备份的关联关系
incrbackups.txt 的内容如下:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat incrbackups.txt
/oracle11/backup/07sc73ng_1_1
/oracle11/backup/06sc73nf_1_1文件中的内容显示了生成的增量备份文件信息
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/backup$ls -lrt
total 624
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 65536 Aug 18 10:56 06sc73nf_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 253952 Aug 18 10:56 07sc73ng_1_1
3.2 将增量备份传输到目标系统中
将上一步生成的增量备份传输到目标系统中由 xtt.properties 文件中的 stageondest 目录 (/u01/xtts) 中。
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts]$ ftp 10.138.129.2
Connected to 10.138.129.2.
220 IBMP740-2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Mon Nov 28 14:12:02 CST 2011) ready.
502 authentication type cannot be set to GSSAPI
502 authentication type cannot be set to KERBEROS_V4
KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type
Name (10.138.129.2:oracle): oracle
331 Password required for oracle.
Password:
230-Last unsuccessful login: Wed Dec 3 10:20:09 BEIST 2014 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.31
230-Last login: Fri Aug 18 10:24:32 BEIST 2017 on ftp from ::ffff:10.138.130.151
230 User oracle logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp cd /oracle11/backup
250 CWD command successful.
ftp ls -lrt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,43,121)
150 Opening data connection for /bin/ls.
total 624
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 65536 Aug 18 10:56 06sc73nf_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 253952 Aug 18 10:56 07sc73ng_1_1
226 Transfer complete.
ftp lcd /u01/xtts
Local directory now /u01/xtts
ftp bin
200 Type set to I.
ftp get 06sc73nf_1_1
local: 06sc73nf_1_1 remote: 06sc73nf_1_1
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,43,130)
150 Opening data connection for 06sc73nf_1_1 (65536 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
65536 bytes received in 0.0018 seconds (3.5e+04 Kbytes/s)
ftp get 07sc73ng_1_1
local: 07sc73ng_1_1 remote: 07sc73ng_1_1
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,43,134)
150 Opening data connection for 07sc73ng_1_1 (253952 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
253952 bytes received in 0.0038 seconds (6.5e+04 Kbytes/s)
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts]$ ls -lrt
total 320
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 65536 Aug 18 11:22 06sc73nf_1_1
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 253952 Aug 18 11:22 07sc73ng_1_1
3.3 在目标系统中转换增量备份并应用到数据文件副本
在目标系统中以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向目标数据库，并从源系统中将上一步生成的 xttplan.txt 与 tsbkupmap.txt 文件。
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ ftp 10.138.129.2
Connected to 10.138.129.2.
220 IBMP740-2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Mon Nov 28 14:12:02 CST 2011) ready.
502 authentication type cannot be set to GSSAPI
502 authentication type cannot be set to KERBEROS_V4
KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type
Name (10.138.129.2:oracle): oracle
331 Password required for oracle.
Password:
230-Last unsuccessful login: Wed Dec 3 10:20:09 BEIST 2014 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.31
230-Last login: Fri Aug 18 11:00:11 BEIST 2017 on ftp from ::ffff:10.138.130.151
230 User oracle logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp cd /oracle11/xtts_script
250 CWD command successful.
ftp ls -lrt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,43,196)
150 Opening data connection for /bin/ls.
total 520
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 1390 May 24 16:57 xttcnvrtbkupdest.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 52 May 24 16:57 xttstartupnomount.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 11710 May 24 16:57 xttprep.tmpl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 139331 May 24 16:57 xttdriver.pl
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 71 May 24 16:57 xttdbopen.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 7969 Jun 05 08:47 xtt.properties.jy
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 33949 Aug 18 09:26 rman_xttconvert_v3.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 352 Aug 18 10:15 xtt.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:21 xttplan.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 106 Aug 18 10:21 xttnewdatafiles.txt_temp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:21 xttnewdatafiles.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle11 oinstall 256 Aug 18 10:21 setupgetfile_Aug18_Fri_10_21_17_169
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 68 Aug 18 10:21 getfile.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:56 xttplan.txt_tmp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 106 Aug 18 10:56 xttnewdatafiles.txt.added_temp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:56 xttnewdatafiles.txt.added
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 68 Aug 18 10:56 getfile.sql.added
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 54 Aug 18 10:56 xttplan.txt.new
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 50 Aug 18 10:56 tsbkupmap.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle11 oinstall 4096 Aug 18 10:56 incremental_Aug18_Fri_10_56_44_606
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle11 oinstall 60 Aug 18 10:56 incrbackups.txt
226 Transfer complete.
ftp lcd /u01/xtts_script
Local directory now /u01/xtts_script
ftp get tsbkupmap.txt
local: tsbkupmap.txt remote: tsbkupmap.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,43,208)
150 Opening data connection for tsbkupmap.txt (50 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
50 bytes received in 4.1e-05 seconds (1.2e+03 Kbytes/s)
ftp get xttplan.txt
local: xttplan.txt remote: xttplan.txt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,43,213)
150 Opening data connection for xttplan.txt (50 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
50 bytes received in 4.8e-05 seconds (1e+03 Kbytes/s)
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat tsbkupmap.txt
LDJC::7:::1=07sc73ng_1_1
CDZJ::6:::1=06sc73nf_1_1
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat xttplan.txt
CDZJ::::14690270660591
LDJC::::14690270660591
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ export XTTDEBUG=1
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -r
============================================================
trace file is /u01/xtts_script/rollforward_Aug18_Fri_11_34_08_253//Aug18_Fri_11_34_08_253_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Key: backupondest
Values: +DATADG/backup
Key: platformid
Values: 6
Key: backupformat
Values: /oracle11/backup
Key: srclink
Values: ttslink
Key: asm_sid
Values: +ASM1
Key: dstdir
Values: DESTDIR
Key: cnvinst_home
Values: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
Key: cnvinst_sid
Values: xtt
Key: srcdir
Values: SOURCEDIR
Key: stageondest
Values: /u01/xtts
Key: tablespaces
Values: CDZJ,LDJC
Key: asm_home
Values: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ARGUMENT tablespaces
ARGUMENT platformid
ARGUMENT backupformat
ARGUMENT stageondest
ARGUMENT backupondest
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_SID : jyrac1
ORACLE_HOME : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Start rollforward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
convert instance: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
convert instance: xtt
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes
Fixed Size 2255832 bytes
Variable Size 687866920 bytes
Database Buffers 1795162112 bytes
Redo Buffers 20054016 bytes
rdfno 6
BEFORE ROLLPLAN
datafile number : 6
datafile name : +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01
AFTER ROLLPLAN
CONVERTED BACKUP PIECE+DATADG/backup/xib_06sc73nf_1_1_6
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Entering RollForward
After applySetDataFile
Done: applyDataFileTo
Done: applyDataFileTo
Done: RestoreSetPiece
Done: RestoreBackupPiece
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
asmcmd rm +DATADG/backup/xib_06sc73nf_1_1_6 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs .. +ASM1– 这里显示的信息是说在前滚后不能删除增量备份文件，可以忽略这个错误
Can t locate strict.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/rdbms/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl .) at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143.
ASMCMD:
rdfno 7
BEFORE ROLLPLAN
datafile number : 7
datafile name : +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01
AFTER ROLLPLAN
CONVERTED BACKUP PIECE+DATADG/backup/xib_07sc73ng_1_1_7
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Entering RollForward
After applySetDataFile
Done: applyDataFileTo
Done: applyDataFileTo
Done: RestoreSetPiece
Done: RestoreBackupPiece
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
asmcmd rm +DATADG/backup/xib_07sc73ng_1_1_7 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs .. +ASM1– 这里显示的信息是说在前滚后不能删除增量备份文件，可以忽略这个错误
Can t locate strict.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/rdbms/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl .) at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143.
ASMCMD:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
End of rollforward phase
--------------------------------------------------------------------这步前滚数据文件的操作，会以 sys 用户连接到增量转换实例，转换完增量备份后，然后连接到目标数据库并将增量备份应用到每个表空间注意：对于每一次增量备份都需要将 xttplan.txt 与 tsbkupmap.txt 文件复制一次，不要对脚本所生成的 xttplan.txt.new 文件进行修改，复制或者其它任何改变。执行这步操作时目标实例会进行重启操作。
3.4 为下一次增量备份判断 from_scn
再次生成增量数据
SQL insert into ldjc.jy_test values(8);
1 row inserted
SQL insert into cdzj.jy_test values(8);
1 row inserted
SQL commit;
Commit complete
SQL select * from ldjc.jy_test;
USER_ID
---------------------
7
8
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
9 rows selected
SQL select * from cdzj.jy_test;
USER_ID
---------------------
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
8 rows selected在源系统中，以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，执行以下命令来判断 from_scn:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -s
============================================================
trace file is /oracle11/xtts_script/determinescn_Aug18_Fri_11_21_56_544//Aug18_Fri_11_21_56_544_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: CDZJ
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: LDJC
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
New /oracle11/xtts_script/xttplan.txt with FROM SCN s generated这步操作会计算下一个 from_scn, 并记录在 xttplan.txt 文件中，当下次创建增量备份时会使用这个 scn
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat xttplan.txt
CDZJ::::14690270749458
6
LDJC::::14690270749458
7
3.5 再次重复前滚阶段或执行传输阶段
这里有两种选择:
1. 如果如果将目标数据库中的数据文件与源数据库中的数据文件进行最接近的同步，那么就重复执行前滚操作。
2. 如果目标数据库中的数据文件与源数据库中的数据文件已经达到所期望的接近，那么执行传输阶段的操作。
注意：如果从上一次增量备份后增加了一个新的表空间或者一个新的表空间名增加到 xtt.properties 文件中，那么将会出现以下错误:
Error:
------
The incremental backup was not taken as a datafile has been added to the tablespace:
Please Do the following:
--------------------------
1. Copy fixnewdf.txt from source to destination temp dir
2. Copy backups:
from to the in destination
3. On Destination, run $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --fixnewdf
4. Re-execute the incremental backup in source:
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl --bkpincr
NOTE: Before running incremental backup, delete FAILED in source temp dir or
run xttdriver.pl with -L option:
$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -L --bkpincr
These instructions must be followed exactly as listed. The next incremental backup will include the new datafile.
我这里再次执行前滚操作
在源系统中，以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，并执行以下命令来创建增量备份:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -i
============================================================
trace file is /oracle11/xtts_script/incremental_Aug18_Fri_11_23_16_532//Aug18_Fri_11_23_16_532_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Backup incremental
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
CDZJ /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for CDZJ started at Fri Aug 18 11:23:16 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:23:16 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
LDJC /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for LDJC started at Fri Aug 18 11:23:16 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:23:16 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 11:23:16 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:23:17 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 11:23:17 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:23:17 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 11:23:17 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:23:17 2017
============================================================
No new datafiles added
=============================================================
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: CDZJ
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: LDJC
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Starting incremental backup
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done backing up incrementals
--------------------------------------------------------------------
上面的操作会执行 RMAN 命令对 xtt.properties 文件中所指定的所有表空间生成增量备份文件。并且还将创建以下文件供后面的操作使用:
.tsbkupmap.txt
.incrbackups.txt
tsbkupmap.txt 的内容如下:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat tsbkupmap.txt
LDJC::7:::1=09sc7598_1_1
CDZJ::6:::1=08sc7597_1_1
文件中的内容记录了表空间与增量备份的关联关系
incrbackups.txt 的内容如下:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat incrbackups.txt
/oracle11/backup/09sc7598_1_1
/oracle11/backup/08sc7597_1_1文件中的内容显示了生成的增量备份文件信息
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/backup$ls -lrt
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 49152 Aug 18 11:23 08sc7597_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 204800 Aug 18 11:23 09sc7598_1_1
将增量备份传输到目标系统中
将上一步生成的增量备份传输到目标系统中由 xtt.properties 文件中的 stageondest 目录 (/u01/xtts) 中。
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ ftp 10.138.129.2
Connected to 10.138.129.2.
220 IBMP740-2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Mon Nov 28 14:12:02 CST 2011) ready.
502 authentication type cannot be set to GSSAPI
502 authentication type cannot be set to KERBEROS_V4
KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type
Name (10.138.129.2:oracle): oracle
331 Password required for oracle.
Password:
230-Last unsuccessful login: Wed Dec 3 10:20:09 BEIST 2014 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.31
230-Last login: Fri Aug 18 11:02:13 BEIST 2017 on ftp from ::ffff:10.138.130.151
230 User oracle logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp cd /oracle11/backup
250 CWD command successful.
ftp ls -lrt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,46,249)
150 Opening data connection for /bin/ls.
total 1120
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 65536 Aug 18 10:56 06sc73nf_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 253952 Aug 18 10:56 07sc73ng_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 49152 Aug 18 11:23 08sc7597_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 204800 Aug 18 11:23 09sc7598_1_1
226 Transfer complete.
ftp lcd /u01/xtts
Local directory now /u01/xtts
ftp bin
200 Type set to I.
ftp get 08sc7597_1_1
local: 08sc7597_1_1 remote: 08sc7597_1_1
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,47,4)
150 Opening data connection for 08sc7597_1_1 (49152 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
49152 bytes received in 0.0013 seconds (3.7e+04 Kbytes/s)
ftp get 09sc7598_1_1
local: 09sc7598_1_1 remote: 09sc7598_1_1
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,47,9)
150 Opening data connection for 09sc7598_1_1 (204800 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
204800 bytes received in 0.0029 seconds (7e+04 Kbytes/s)
在目标系统中转换增量备份并应用到数据文件副本
在目标系统中以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向目标数据库，并从源系统中将上一步生成的 xttplan.txt 与 tsbkupmap.txt 文件。
ftp cd /oracle11/xtts_script 250 CWD command successful. ftp lcd /u01/xtts_script Local directory now /u01/xtts_script ftp bin 200 Type set to I. ftp get xttplan.txt local: xttplan.txt remote: xttplan.txt 227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,47,32) 150 Opening data connection for xttplan.txt (54 bytes). 226 Transfer complete. 54 bytes received in 2.7e-05 seconds (2e+03 Kbytes/s) ftp get tsbkupmap.txt local: tsbkupmap.txt remote: tsbkupmap.txt 227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,47,39) 150 Opening data connection for tsbkupmap.txt (50 bytes). 226 Transfer complete. 50 bytes received in 3.2e-05 seconds (1.5e+03 Kbytes/s) [oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat xttplan.txt CDZJ::::14690270749458 6 LDJC::::14690270749458 7 [oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat tsbkupmap.txt LDJC::7:::1=09sc7598_1_1 CDZJ::6:::1=08sc7597_1_1 [oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -r ============================================================ trace file is /u01/xtts_script/rollforward_Aug18_Fri_11_50_48_600//Aug18_Fri_11_50_48_600_.log ============================================================= -------------------------------------------------------------------- Parsing properties -------------------------------------------------------------------- Key: backupondest Values: +DATADG/backup Key: platformid Values: 6 Key: backupformat Values: /oracle11/backup Key: srclink Values: ttslink Key: asm_sid Values: +ASM1 Key: dstdir Values: DESTDIR Key: cnvinst_home Values: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db Key: cnvinst_sid Values: xtt Key: srcdir Values: SOURCEDIR Key: stageondest Values: /u01/xtts Key: tablespaces Values: CDZJ,LDJC Key: asm_home Values: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs -------------------------------------------------------------------- Done parsing properties --------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------- Checking properties -------------------------------------------------------------------- ARGUMENT tablespaces ARGUMENT platformid ARGUMENT backupformat ARGUMENT stageondest ARGUMENT backupondest -------------------------------------------------------------------- Done checking properties -------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_SID : jyrac1 ORACLE_HOME : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db -------------------------------------------------------------------- Start rollforward -------------------------------------------------------------------- convert instance: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db convert instance: xtt ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes Fixed Size 2255832 bytes Variable Size 687866920 bytes Database Buffers 1795162112 bytes Redo Buffers 20054016 bytes rdfno 6 BEFORE ROLLPLAN datafile number : 6 datafile name : +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01 AFTER ROLLPLAN CONVERTED BACKUP PIECE+DATADG/backup/xib_08sc7597_1_1_6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Entering RollForward After applySetDataFile Done: applyDataFileTo Done: applyDataFileTo Done: RestoreSetPiece Done: RestoreBackupPiece PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. asmcmd rm +DATADG/backup/xib_08sc7597_1_1_6 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs .. +ASM1 Can t locate strict.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/rdbms/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl .) at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. ASMCMD: rdfno 7 BEFORE ROLLPLAN datafile number : 7 datafile name : +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01 AFTER ROLLPLAN CONVERTED BACKUP PIECE+DATADG/backup/xib_09sc7598_1_1_7 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Entering RollForward After applySetDataFile Done: applyDataFileTo Done: applyDataFileTo Done: RestoreSetPiece Done: RestoreBackupPiece PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. asmcmd rm +DATADG/backup/xib_09sc7598_1_1_7 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs .. +ASM1Can t locate strict.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/rdbms/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl .) at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. ASMCMD:
-------------------------------------------------------------------- End of rollforward phase --------------------------------------------------------------------
这步前滚数据文件的操作，会以 sys 用户连接到增量转换实例，转换完增量备份后，然后连接到目标数据库并将增量备份应用到每个表空间注意：对于每一次增量备份都需要将 xttplan.txt 与 tsbkupmap.txt 文件复制一次，不要对脚本所生成的 xttplan.txt.new 文件进行修改，复制或者其它任何改变。执行这步操作时目标实例会进行重启操作。
为下一次增量备份判断 from_scn
再次生成增量数据
SQL insert into ldjc.jy_test values(9);
1 row inserted
SQL insert into cdzj.jy_test values(9);
1 row inserted
SQL commit;
Commit complete
SQL select * from ldjc.jy_test;
USER_ID
---------------------
7
8
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
10 rows selected
SQL select * from cdzj.jy_test;
USER_ID
---------------------
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
9 rows selected在源系统中，以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，执行以下命令来判断 from_scn:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -s
============================================================
trace file is /oracle11/xtts_script/determinescn_Aug18_Fri_11_31_22_441//Aug18_Fri_11_31_22_441_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: CDZJ
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: LDJC
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
New /oracle11/xtts_script/xttplan.txt with FROM SCN s generated
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat xttplan.txt
CDZJ::::14690270749827
6
LDJC::::14690270749845
4. 传输阶段
在执行传输阶段操作时，源数据库中被传输表空间要设置为 read only 状态，并且通过创建与应用最后一次的增量备份使用目标数据库中的数据文件与源数据库中的数据文件内容保持一致。在目标数据库数据文件与源数据库数据文件内容达成一致后，在源系统中执行正常的传输表空间操作来导出元数据，然后将元数据导入到目标数据库中。直到传输阶段操作完成之前，被传输的数据只能以 read only 模式被访问。
4.1 将源数据库中被传输表空间设置为 read only 状态
在源系统中，以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，并执行以下命令将表空间设置为 read only:
SQL alter tablespace ldjc read only;
Tablespace altered
SQL alter tablespace cdzj read only;
Tablespace altered
SQL select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
EXAMPLE ONLINE
CDZJ READ ONLY
LDJC READ ONLY
8 rows selected
4.2 最后一次创建增量备份，并传输到目标系统且执行转换并应用到目标数据文件
在源系统中，以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向源数据库，并执行以下命令来创建增量备份:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$$ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -i
============================================================
trace file is /oracle11/xtts_script/incremental_Aug18_Fri_11_33_18_477//Aug18_Fri_11_33_18_477_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Backup incremental
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
CDZJ /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for CDZJ started at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
LDJC /u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for LDJC started at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
Prepare source for Tablespaces:
/u01/xtts
xttpreparesrc.sql for started at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
xttpreparesrc.sql for ended at Fri Aug 18 11:33:18 2017
============================================================
No new datafiles added
=============================================================
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: CDZJ
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces: LDJC
Prepare newscn for Tablespaces:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Starting incremental backup
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done backing up incrementals
--------------------------------------------------------------------
上面的操作会执行 RMAN 命令对 xtt.properties 文件中所指定的所有表空间生成增量备份文件。并且还将创建以下文件供后面的操作使用:
.tsbkupmap.txt
.incrbackups.txt
tsbkupmap.txt 的内容如下:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat tsbkupmap.txt
LDJC::7:::1=0bsc75s2_1_1
CDZJ::6:::1=0asc75s0_1_1文件中的内容记录了表空间与增量备份的关联关系
incrbackups.txt 的内容如下:
IBMP740-2:/oracle11/xtts_script$cat incrbackups.txt
/oracle11/backup/0bsc75s2_1_1
/oracle11/backup/0asc75s0_1_1
将增量备份传输到目标系统中
将上一步生成的增量备份传输到目标系统中由 xtt.properties 文件中的 stageondest 目录 (/u01/xtts) 中。
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ ftp 10.138.129.2
Connected to 10.138.129.2.
220 IBMP740-2 FTP server (Version 4.2 Mon Nov 28 14:12:02 CST 2011) ready.
502 authentication type cannot be set to GSSAPI
502 authentication type cannot be set to KERBEROS_V4
KERBEROS_V4 rejected as an authentication type
Name (10.138.129.2:oracle): oracle
331 Password required for oracle.
Password:
230-Last unsuccessful login: Wed Dec 3 10:20:09 BEIST 2014 on /dev/pts/0 from 10.138.130.31
230-Last login: Fri Aug 18 11:26:03 BEIST 2017 on ftp from ::ffff:10.138.130.151
230 User oracle logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp cd /oracle11/backup
250 CWD command successful.
ftp ls -lrt
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,48,62)
150 Opening data connection for /bin/ls.
total 1632
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 65536 Aug 18 10:56 06sc73nf_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 253952 Aug 18 10:56 07sc73ng_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 49152 Aug 18 11:23 08sc7597_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 204800 Aug 18 11:23 09sc7598_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 49152 Aug 18 11:33 0asc75s0_1_1
-rw-r----- 1 oracle11 oinstall 212992 Aug 18 11:33 0bsc75s2_1_1
226 Transfer complete.
ftp lcd /u01/xtts
Local directory now /u01/xtts
ftp get 0asc75s0_1_1
local: 0asc75s0_1_1 remote: 0asc75s0_1_1
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,48,73)
150 Opening data connection for 0asc75s0_1_1 (49152 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
49152 bytes received in 0.0015 seconds (3.3e+04 Kbytes/s)
ftp get 0bsc75s2_1_1
local: 0bsc75s2_1_1 remote: 0bsc75s2_1_1
227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,48,76)
150 Opening data connection for 0bsc75s2_1_1 (212992 bytes).
226 Transfer complete.
212992 bytes received in 0.0032 seconds (6.6e+04 Kbytes/s)
在目标系统中转换增量备份并应用到数据文件副本
在目标系统中以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向目标数据库，并从源系统中将上一步生成的 xttplan.txt 与 tsbkupmap.txt 文件。
ftp cd /oracle11/xtts_script 250 CWD command successful. ftp lcd /u01/xtts_script Local directory now /u01/xtts_script ftp bin 200 Type set to I. ftp get xttplan.txt local: xttplan.txt remote: xttplan.txt 227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,48,100) 150 Opening data connection for xttplan.txt (54 bytes). 226 Transfer complete. 54 bytes received in 3.4e-05 seconds (1.6e+03 Kbytes/s) ftp get tsbkupmap.txt local: tsbkupmap.txt remote: tsbkupmap.txt 227 Entering Passive Mode (10,138,129,2,48,107) 150 Opening data connection for tsbkupmap.txt (50 bytes). 226 Transfer complete. 50 bytes received in 6.4e-05 seconds (7.6e+02 Kbytes/s) [oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat xttplan.txt CDZJ::::14690270749827 6 LDJC::::14690270749845 7 [oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat tsbkupmap.txt LDJC::7:::1=0bsc75s2_1_1 CDZJ::6:::1=0asc75s0_1_1 [oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -r ============================================================ trace file is /u01/xtts_script/rollforward_Aug18_Fri_12_00_02_120//Aug18_Fri_12_00_02_120_.log ============================================================= -------------------------------------------------------------------- Parsing properties -------------------------------------------------------------------- Key: backupondest Values: +DATADG/backup Key: platformid Values: 6 Key: backupformat Values: /oracle11/backup Key: srclink Values: ttslink Key: asm_sid Values: +ASM1 Key: dstdir Values: DESTDIR Key: cnvinst_home Values: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db Key: cnvinst_sid Values: xtt Key: srcdir Values: SOURCEDIR Key: stageondest Values: /u01/xtts Key: tablespaces Values: CDZJ,LDJC Key: asm_home Values: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs -------------------------------------------------------------------- Done parsing properties --------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------------------------------------- Checking properties -------------------------------------------------------------------- ARGUMENT tablespaces ARGUMENT platformid ARGUMENT backupformat ARGUMENT stageondest ARGUMENT backupondest -------------------------------------------------------------------- Done checking properties -------------------------------------------------------------------- ORACLE_SID : jyrac1 ORACLE_HOME : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db -------------------------------------------------------------------- Start rollforward -------------------------------------------------------------------- convert instance: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db convert instance: xtt ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 2505338880 bytes Fixed Size 2255832 bytes Variable Size 687866920 bytes Database Buffers 1795162112 bytes Redo Buffers 20054016 bytes rdfno 6 BEFORE ROLLPLAN datafile number : 6 datafile name : +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01 AFTER ROLLPLAN CONVERTED BACKUP PIECE+DATADG/backup/xib_0asc75s0_1_1_6 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Entering RollForward After applySetDataFile Done: applyDataFileTo Done: applyDataFileTo Done: RestoreSetPiece Done: RestoreBackupPiece PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. asmcmd rm +DATADG/backup/xib_0asc75s0_1_1_6 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs .. +ASM1 Can t locate strict.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/rdbms/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl .) at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. ASMCMD: rdfno 7 BEFORE ROLLPLAN datafile number : 7 datafile name : +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01 AFTER ROLLPLAN CONVERTED BACKUP PIECE+DATADG/backup/xib_0bsc75s2_1_1_7 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. Entering RollForward After applySetDataFile Done: applyDataFileTo Done: applyDataFileTo Done: RestoreSetPiece Done: RestoreBackupPiece PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. asmcmd rm +DATADG/backup/xib_0bsc75s2_1_1_7 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs .. +ASM1Can t locate strict.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/rdbms/lib/asmcmd /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl/5.10.0 /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/perl/lib/site_perl .) at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs/bin/asmcmdcore line 143. ASMCMD:
-------------------------------------------------------------------- End of rollforward phase --------------------------------------------------------------------
4.3 在目标数据库中导入元数据
在目标系统中以 Oracle 软件用户登录并设置环境变量 (ORACLE_HOME 与 ORACLE_SID) 来指向目标数据库，执行以下命令来生成 Data Pump TTS 命令:
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ $ORACLE_HOME/perl/bin/perl xttdriver.pl -e
============================================================
trace file is /u01/xtts_script/generate_Aug18_Fri_12_01_00_366//Aug18_Fri_12_01_00_366_.log
=============================================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Key: backupondest
Values: +DATADG/backup
Key: platformid
Values: 6
Key: backupformat
Values: /oracle11/backup
Key: srclink
Values: ttslink
Key: asm_sid
Values: +ASM1
Key: dstdir
Values: DESTDIR
Key: cnvinst_home
Values: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
Key: cnvinst_sid
Values: xtt
Key: srcdir
Values: SOURCEDIR
Key: stageondest
Values: /u01/xtts
Key: tablespaces
Values: CDZJ,LDJC
Key: asm_home
Values: /u01/app/product/11.2.0/crs
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done parsing properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ARGUMENT tablespaces
ARGUMENT platformid
ARGUMENT backupformat
ARGUMENT stageondest
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Done checking properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_SID : jyrac1
ORACLE_HOME : /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Generating plugin
--------------------------------------------------------------------
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Done generating plugin file /u01/xtts_script/xttplugin.txt
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[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ cat xttplugin.txt
impdp directory= logfile= \
network_link= transport_full_check=no \
transport_tablespaces=CDZJ,LDJC \
transport_datafiles= +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01 , +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01上面的命令会生成一个名叫 xttplugin.txt 的文件，文件创建了一个使用 network_link 参数执行传输表空间导入元数据的命令。命令中的 transport_tablespaces 与 transport_datafiles 参数已经设置正确。注意 network_link 模式指示导入通过使用 dblink 来完成，就不需要执行导出或使用 dump 文件。如果选择执行这个命令来完成表空间的传输就需要修改 directory,logfile 与 network_link 参数
SQL create directory dump_dir as /u01/xtts_script
Directory created.
SQL grant read,write on directory dump_dir to public;
Grant succeeded.在目标数据库中创建用户方案 LDJC,CDZJ
SQL create user ldjc identified by ldjc
User created.
SQL grant dba,connect,resource to ldjc;
Grant succeeded.
SQL create user cdzj identified by cdzj
User created.
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ impdp system/abcd directory=dump_dir logfile=tts_imp.log network_link=ttslink transport_full_check=no transport_tablespaces=CDZJ,LDJC transport_datafiles= +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01 , +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01
Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 18 12:05:05 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting SYSTEM . SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_03 : system/******** directory=dump_dir logfile=tts_imp.log network_link=ttslink transport_full_check=no transport_tablespaces=CDZJ,LDJC transport_datafiles=+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01,+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/COMMENT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Job SYSTEM . SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_03 successfully completed at Fri Aug 18 12:07:05 2017 elapsed 0 00:01:52
[oracle@jyrac1 xtts_script]$ impdp system/abcd directory=dump_dir logfile=ysj.log schemas=ldjc,cdzj content=metadata_only exclude=table,index network_link=ttslink
Import: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 18 12:09:15 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,
Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting SYSTEM . SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01 : system/******** directory=dump_dir logfile=ysj.log schemas=ldjc,cdzj content=metadata_only exclude=table,index network_link=ttslink
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
ORA-31684: Object type USER: LDJC already exists
ORA-31684: Object type USER: CDZJ already exists
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYNONYM/SYNONYM
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DB_LINK
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/FUNCTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/FUNCTION/ALTER_FUNCTION
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW
ORA-39082: Object type VIEW: LDJC . TEMP_AAB002 created with compilation warnings
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY
ORA-39082: Object type PACKAGE_BODY: LDJC . QUEST_SOO_PKG created with compilation warnings
ORA-39082: Object type PACKAGE_BODY: LDJC . QUEST_SOO_SQLTRACE created with compilation warnings
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/POST_SCHEMA/PROCOBJ
Job SYSTEM . SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_01 completed with 5 error(s) at Fri Aug 18 12:09:46 2017 elapsed 0 00:00:30
9 rows selected元数据导入后，可以将源数据库中的表空间 ldjc,cdzj 修改为 read write 状态
SQL alter tablespace ldjc read write;
Tablespace altered.
SQL alter tablespace cdzj read write;
Tablespace altered.如果不使用 network_link 执行导入，那么可以执行传输表空间模式的 data pump 导出元数据，然后将元数据复制到目标数据库，再执行导入。
4.4 将目标数据库中的表空间 ldjc,cdzj 修改为 read write 状态
SQL select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
EXAMPLE ONLINE
CDZJ READ ONLY
LDJC READ ONLY
8 rows selected.
SQL alter tablespace ldjc read write;
Tablespace altered.
SQL alter tablespace cdzj read write;
Tablespace altered.
SQL select tablespace_name,status from dba_tablespaces;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
SYSTEM ONLINE
SYSAUX ONLINE
UNDOTBS1 ONLINE
TEMP ONLINE
USERS ONLINE
EXAMPLE ONLINE
CDZJ ONLINE
LDJC ONLINE
8 rows selected.
4.5 验证传输的数据
在这一步，在目标数据库中被传输过来的表空间设置为 read only 状态，然后运行应用程序来进行验证。也可以使用 RMAN 来检查物理与逻辑块损坏的情况。
[oracle@jyrac1 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=jyrac1
[oracle@jyrac1 dbs]$ rman target/
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 18 12:13:13 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: JYRAC (DBID=2655496871)
RMAN validate tablespace LDJC,CDZJ check logical;
Starting validate at 18-AUG-17
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=139 instance=jyrac1 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00012 name=+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01
input datafile file number=00011 name=+DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:01:05
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
11 OK 0 255625 262144 14690270752496
File Name: +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/cdzj01
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 6239
Index 0 0
Other 0 280
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
12 OK 0 3746 655360 14690292001658
File Name: +DATADG/jyrac/datafile/ldjc01
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 361625
Index 0 286299
Other 0 3690
Finished validate at 18-AUG-17
5. 清除阶段
如果为了迁移创建了单独的转换 home 与实例，那么在传输表空间操作完成之后可以关闭实例并删除软件。为了执行跨平台增量备份传输表空间而创建的文件与目录也可以删除了，例如:
. 源系统中的 dfcopydir 目录
. 源系统中的 backupformat 目录
. 目标系统中的 stageondest 目录
. 目标系统中的 backupondest 目录
. 源系统与目标系统中的 $TMPDIR 环境变量
Perl 脚本 xttdriver.pl 选项
-S 准备传输源:- S 选项只有当使用 dbms_file_transfer 方法传输数据文件时使用。这个准备操作在源系统中只对源数据库执行一次。这步操作将创建 xttnewdatafiles.txt 与 getfile.sql 文件
-G 从源系统获取数据文件:- G 选项只有当使用 dbms_file_transfer 方法传输数据文件时使用。获取数据文件操作在目标系统中对目标数据库只执行一次。- S 选项必须在它之前执行一次，并将生成的 xttnewdatafiles.txt 与 getfile.sql 文件传输到目标系统。- G 选项会连接到目标数据库并执行脚本 getfile.sql。getfile.sql 将调用 dbms_file_transfer.get_file()过程通过使用 dblink(srclink)来从源数据库的目录对象 (srcdir) 中获取要被传输的数据文件到目标数据库的目录对象 (dstdir) 中。
-p 准备对源数据库执行备份:- p 选项只有当使用 RMAN 备份方法来生成数据文件副本时才使用。这步操作在源系统中对源数据库只执行一次。这步操作会连接到源数据库并对要被传输的每个表空间执行一次 xttpreparesrc.sql 脚本。xttpreparesrc.sql 会执行以下操作:
1. 验证表空间是否处于 online,read write 模式与是否不包含脱机数据文件
2. 标识第一次执行增量备份操作时所需要使用的 SCN 信息并将它们写入 $TMPDIR 目录中的 xttplan.txt 文件中
3. 在源系统中会在 xtt.properties 文件的 dfcopydir 参数所指定的目录中创建初始化数据文件副本。这些数据文件副本必须手动传输到目标每张
4. 创建 RMAN 脚本 $TMPDIR/rmanconvert.cmd，在目标系统中它将被用来将数据文件副本的字节序转换为目标系统所使用的字节序
-c 转换数据文件:- c 选项只有当使用 RMAN 备份创建初始化数据文件副本时才使用。在目标系统中转换数据文件副本只执行一次。这步操作将使用 rmanconvert.cmd 文件来将数据文件副本转换为目标系统所使用的字节序。转换后的数据文件副本会被存储到 xtt.properties 文件的 storageondest 参数所指定的目录中，也就是最终目标数据库存储数据文件的目录。
-i 创建增量备份: 创建增量备份可以对源数据库执行一次或多次。这个步骤会读取 $TMPDIR/xttplan.txt 中所记录的 SCN 并生成用于前滚目标系统上数据文件副本的增量备份文件。
-r 前滚数据文件：对于创建的每个增量备份都会对目标数据库的数据文件进行前滚操作。这步操作会连接到 cnvinst_home 与 cnvinst_sid 所定义的增量转换实例，转换所创建的增量备份，那么连接到目标数据库对数据文件应用增量备份进行前滚操作。
-s 判断新的 from_scn: 对源数据库判断新的 from_scn 可以执行一次或多次。这步操作会计算下次增量备份所需要的 from_scn，并将其记录在 xttplan.txt 文件中，然后当下一次创建增量备份的就会使用它。
-e 生成 Data Pump TTS 命令: 在目标系统中对目标数据库只执行一次来生成 Data Pump TTS 命令。这步操作将创建一个使用 dblink 来导入元数据的 Data Pump Import 命令
-d debug:- d 选项能以 debug 模式来执行 xttdriver.pl 与 RMAN 命令。要启用 debug 模式需要设置环境变量 XTTDEBUG=1
xtt.properties 文件参数说明
tablespaces: 用逗号来分隔从源数据库要被传输到目标数据库的表空间列表，例如 tablespaces=TS1,TS2
platformid: 从 v$database.platform_id 获得的源数据库的 platform id，例如 platformid=13
srcdir: 源数据库中的目录对象，它指向源数据库中存储数据文件的目录。多个目录可以使用逗号进行分隔。srcdir 与 dstdir 的映射可以是 N:1 或 N:N。例如可以有多个源目录且文件存储到单个目标目录或者文件来自一个特定源目录将被存储到一个特定的目标目录。这个参数只有使用 dbms_file_transfer 来传输数据文件时才使用，例如 srcdir=SOURCEDIR,srcdir=SRC1,SRC2
dstdir: 目标数据库中的目录对象，它指向目标数据库中存储数据文件的目录。如果使用了多个源目录(srcdir)，那么可以定义多个目标目录以便将特定源目录中的文件写入特定的目标目录中。这个参数只有使用 dbms_file_transfer 来传输数据文件时才使用，例如 dstdir=DESTDIR,dstdir=DST1,DST2
srclink: 目标数据库中连接到源数据库的 dblink。使用 dbms_file_transfer 传输数据文件时会使用这个 dblink。这个参数只有使用 dbms_file_transfer 来传输数据文件时才使用，例如 srclink=ttslink
dfcopydir: 源系统中用来存储 xttdriver.pl - p 操作所生成的数据文件副本目录。这个目录要有足够的空间来存储所有被传输表空间的数据文件副本。这个目录可以是目标系统上通过 NFS-mounted 文件系统所挂载到源系统中的一个目录，在这种情况下，目标系统中的 stageondest 参数也引用这个相同的 NFS 目录。可以参考 See Note 359515.1 for mount option guidelines。这个参数只有使用 RMAN 备份生成数据文件副本时才使用，例如 dfcopydir=/stage_source
backupformat: 源系统中存储增量备份文件的目录。这个目录必须要有足够的空间来存储所有创建的增量备份文件。这个目录可以是目标系统上通过 NFS-mounted 文件系统所挂载到源系统中的一个目录，在这种情况下，目标系统中的 stageondest 参数也引用这个相同的 NFS 目录。例如，backupformat=/stage_source
stageondest: 目标系统中存储从源系统中手动传输过来的数据文件副本。这个目录要有足够的空间来存储数据文件副本。这个目录同时也是用来存储从源系统传输过来的增量备份文件的目录。在目标系统上执行 xttdriver.pl - c 转换数据文件与执行 xttdriver.pl - r 前滚数据文件时会从这个目录中读取数据文件副本与增量备份文件。这个目标也可以是一个 DBFS-mounted 文件系统。个目录可以是源系统上通过 NFS-mounted 文件系统所挂载到目标系统中的一个目录，在这种情况下，源系统中的 backupformat 参数与 dfcopydir 参数就会引用这个相同的 NFS 目录。可以参考 See Note 359515.1 for mount option guidelines。例如 stageondest=/stage_dest
storageondest: 目标系统中用来存储 xttdriver.pl - c 转换操作后所生成的数据文件副本的目录，也就是目标数据库最终存储数据文件的目录。这个目录要有足够的空间来永久存储数据文件。这个参数当使用 RMAN 备份来生成初始化数据文件副本时才使用，例如
storageondest=+DATA 或者 storageondest=/oradata/test
backupondest: 目录系统中用来存储 xttdriver.pl - r 前滚操作所转换后的增量备份文件的目录。这个目录要有足够的空间来存储转换后的增量备份文件。注意，如果这个参数指向 ASM 磁盘目录，那么需要在 xtt.properties 参数文件中定义 asm_home 与 asm_sid 参数。如果这个参数指向文件系统目录，那么就从 xtt.properties 参数文件中删除 asm_home 与 asm_sid 参数。例如,backupondest=+RECO
cnvinst_home: 如果需要使用一个单独的增量转换 home 目录时才使用。它是目标系统中运行增量转换实例的 ORACLE_HOME，例如 cnvinst_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/xtt_home
cnvinst_sid: 如果需要使用一个单独的增量转换 home 目录时才使用。它是目标系统中运行增量转换实例的 ORACLE_SID，例如 cnvinst_xtt
asm_home: 目标系统中 ASM 实例的 ORACLE_HOME。注意如果 backupondest 设置为文件系统目录，那么就要删除 asm_home 与 asm_sid 参数，例如 asm_home=/u01/app/11.2.0.4/grid
asm_sid: 目标系统中 ASM 实例的 ORACLE_SID。例如 asm_sid=+ASM1
parallel: 定义 rmanconvert.cmd 命令文件中 rman convert 命令的并行度。如果不设置这个参数，那么 xttdriver.pl 将使用 parallel= 8 的缺省并行度。例如，parallel=3
rollparallel: 定义 xttdriver.pl - r 前滚操作的并行度，例如 rollparallel=2
getfileparallel: 定义 xttdriver.pl - G 获取数据文件副本操作的并行度，缺省值是 1，最大值为 8，例如 getfileparallel=4
到此，相信大家对“怎么从 AIX 将数据库迁移到 Linux Oracle 中”有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是丸趣 TV 网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！
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