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怎么怎么 CentOS 7.4 64 位系统中安装 MySQL8.0?很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面丸趣 TV 小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。
第一步:获取 mysql YUM 源
点击下载
第二步:下载和安装 mysql 源
•进入 mysql 文件夹,没有的自行创建
[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
•下载源安装包
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
100%[==========================================================================] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
•安装 mysql 源
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
第三步:在线安装 MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
下载东西比较多,等几分钟。
第四步:启动 Mysql 服务
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
第五步:设置开机启动
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
第六步:修改 root 本地登录密码
mysql 安装完成之后,在 /var/log/mysqld.log 文件中给 root 生成了一个临时的默认密码。用 grep 命令搜一下
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep A temporary password is generated for root@localhost /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw /s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
这里有三条搜索结果,因为我重复装了 3 次 MySQL,如果第一次安装是只会有一条的。
直接拿到临时默认密码 : nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
•登录 MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.
mysql
•更改 root 账户临时密码
mysql ALTER USER root @ localhost IDENTIFIED BY Pwd123@easyoh.net
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql
Pwd123@easyoh.net 请替换成你自己的密码。
(备注 mysql8.0 默认密码策略要求密码必须是大小写字母数字特殊字母的组合,至少 8 位)
第七步:创建新用户、授权、远程登录(不要直接使用 root 账户登录)
•创建 easyoh-mp 用户并且授权远程登录
mysql CREATE USER easyoh-mp @ % IDENTIFIED BY Pwd123@easyoh.net
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql GRANT ALL ON *.* TO easyoh-mp @ %
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql
•在 sqlyog 客户端用 easyoh-mp 账户登录(其他客户端也可以,随意)
发现会报 plugin caching_sha2_password 错误。这是因为 MySQL8.0 密码策略默认为 caching_sha2_password。与 5.7 有所不同。
•进入 MySQL 数据库查询 user 表信息
mysql use mysql;
Database changed
mysql select user,host,plugin from user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user | host | plugin |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| easyoh-mp | % | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql
发现确实是 caching_sha2_password
•依次执行下面语句
mysql ALTER USER easyoh-mp @ % IDENTIFIED BY Pwd123@easyoh.net PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql ALTER USER easyoh-mp @ % IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY Pwd123@easyoh.net
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql
再次登录就可以登录成功了。
第 8 步:编码
mysql show variables like %character%
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_database | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_server | utf8mb4 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql
MySQL8.0 默认就是 utf8mb4 编码,无需更改。
OK 至此 Mysql 安装配置完毕;
全流程操作记录
[root@VM_0_10_centos ~]#[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm --2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm 100%[==========================================================================] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm saved [25820/25820] [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll total 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies -- Running transaction check --- Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed -- Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql80-community-release noarch el7-1 /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 31 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total size: 31 k Installed size: 31 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1 Verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1 Installed: mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 Complete![root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile epel 12641/12641 Resolving Dependencies -- Running transaction check --- Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed -- Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 -- Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) = 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 -- Running transaction check --- Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed -- Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) = 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 --- Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed -- Running transaction check --- Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed -- Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 349 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 26 M mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 541 k mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 2.2 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages) Total download size: 377 M Installed size: 1.7 G Downloading packages: (1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 541 kB 00:00:05 (2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 26 MB 00:00:12 (3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 349 MB 00:02:26 (4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:03:37 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 1.7 MB/s | 377 MB 00:03:43 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4 Installed: mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 Complete![root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep A temporary password is generated for root@localhost /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR 2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw /s9,Wivm2 2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.12 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type help; or \h for help. Type \c to clear the current input statement.mysql ALTER USER root @ localhost IDENTIFIED BY Pwd123@easyoh.net Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql
CREATE USER easyoh-mp @ % IDENTIFIED BY Pwd123@easyoh.net Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql GRANT ALL ON *.* TO easyoh-mp @ % Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql use mysql; Database changed mysql select user,host,plugin from user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | easyoh-mp | % | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql
ALTER USER easyoh-mp @ % IDENTIFIED BY Pwd123@easyoh.net PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql ALTER USER easyoh-mp @ % IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY Pwd123@easyoh.net Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql show variables like %character% +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
这里有个问题,新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错:
原因是因为 MySQL 有密码设置的规范,具体是与 validate_password_policy 的值有关:
MySQL 完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看:
mysql SHOW VARIABLES LIKE validate_password%
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length | 4 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy | LOW |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
密码的长度是由 validate_password_length 决定的,而 validate_password_length 的计算公式是:
validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)
我的是已经修改过的,初始情况下第一个的值是 ON,validate_password_length 是 8。可以通过如下命令修改:
mysql set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql set global validate_password_length=1;
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